শিক্ষা আন্দোলনের পটভূমি ও বাংলাদেশ
ড.ফোরকান আলী
(c~e© cÖKv‡ki ci)Dwbk kZ‡Ki †kl I wek kZ‡Ki ïiæ‡Z †`kxq
wk‡íi DbœwZ I †`kR Dcv`vb hy³ wk¶v we¯Ív‡ii j‡¶¨ evsjvq KZ¸‡jv MVbg~jK c`‡¶c
MÖnY Kiv nq| Kwe iex›`ªbv_ ¯^‡`kx fvÛvi bv‡g †`kx Kvc‡oi †`vKvb †Lv‡jb 1897
mv‡j| GQvov wZwb 1901 mv‡j cÖwZôv K‡ib cÖvP¨-cvðv‡Z¨i wk¶vi wgjb †¶Î kvwšÍ
wb‡KZb| GB mg‡q †`kxq cY¨ wewµi Rb¨ A‡bK cÖwZôvb M‡o I‡V| †`kxq cÖwZôvb¸‡jv
e„wË w`‡q A‡bK Qv·K we‡`‡k wkí wk¶vi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv ïiæ K‡i| Zviv wd‡i G‡m †`kxq
KviLvbvq KvR Ki‡Zv wKsev wb‡RivB KviLvbv M‡o ZzjZ| wek kZ‡Ki cÖ_g w`‡K G ai‡bi
400Rb we‡`‡k cÖwk¶Y cÖvß hyeK 20wUi g‡Zv †`kxq KviLvbvi cËb K‡iwQj|8
Gfv‡e evsjv‡`‡k wk¶vq †`kR Dcv`vb hy³ Kiv, †`kxq wk‡íi cÖmvi I †`kx wRwbm
e¨env‡ii Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V Ges wek kZ‡Ki ïiæ‡ZB Zv e¨vcKZi n‡Z ïiæ K‡i|
evsjvB AvaywbK wk¶vi
cÖ_g cik †c‡qwQj| GB Bs‡iR cÖewZ©Z BD‡ivcxq wk¶vq †`kR Dcv`vb-BwZnvm-HwZn¨
Ae‡nwjZ _vK‡Zv wKsev †`kxq cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi w`‡K j¶¨ K‡i weªwUk wk¶vi we¯Ívi NUZ
bv| Jcwb‡ewkK ¯^v‡_©B Zvi cÖmvi n‡Zv| ZvB evsjvi †`k‡cÖwgK kw³i †KD †KD evOvjx
ZiæY‡`i‡K h_vh_fv‡e wkw¶Z Kivi j‡¶¨ KZ¸‡jv msMVb M‡o †Zv‡jb| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨
n‡”Q myü` mwgwZ (gqgbwmsn, 1900), Wb †mvmvBwUÕ (KwjKvZv, 1902), Ôgyw³ msNÕ
(XvKv, 1905), ¯^‡`k evÜe mwgwZ (ewikvj, 1905), eªZx mwgwZ (dwi`cyi, 1906)
BZ¨vw`| Gme msMV‡bi D‡`¨v‡M ivRbxwZ, mgvR, A_©bxwZ, BwZnvm, mvwnZ¨, ag© I bxwZ
cÖf„wZ wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡Zv; GQvov ¯^v¯’¨ PP©v, Rbwk¶v, Rb‡mev
cÖf„wZ KvRI Kiv n‡Zv|
DwjøwLZ †cÖ¶vc‡U
evsjv‡`‡k GKwU wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi †¶Î cÖ¯‘Z n‡q wM‡qwQj| 1905 mv‡j evsjv‡K wef³
Kivi cÖwZev‡` †h ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V Zvi wfZ‡iB cÖ_g wk¶v Av‡›`vjb
cÖZ¨¶fv‡e my`yicÖmvix j¶¨ wb‡q Avwef©yZ nq|
Z_¨ wb‡`©k
1. BwÛqv cvewjK
Kbmvj‡Ukbm, AvM÷ 29, 1836, DׄZ t W. AvwRRyi ingvb gwjøK, weªwUk bxwZ I evsjvi
gymjgvb (evsjv GKv‡Wgx, XvKv, 1982) c„ôv 231|
2. BwÛqv cvewjK
Kbmvj‡Ukbm, gvP© 7, 1835, bs 19, †iR¨jykb Ae gvP© 7, 1835| wm‡jKkb d«g
GWy‡Kkbvj †iKW©m, 1g LÛ 1771-1839 (GBP, kvc© m¤úvw`Z, KwjKvZv, 1920) c„t
130-31| DׄZ t Wt AvwRRyi ingvb gwjK, cÖv¸³, c„ôv 222-223|
3. wm‡jKkbm d«g
GWy‡Kkbvj †iKW©m (1g LÛ), wcÖ‡Ým WvBix Ask, c„ôv-134|
4. BwÛqv cvewjK
Kbmvj‡Ukbm, †deªæqvix, 21, 1838, bs 21|
5. kªx i‡gk P›`ª gRyg`vi,
evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm, (3q LÛ) AvaywbK hyM (†Rbv‡ij wcÖ›Uvm© GÛ cvewjkvm© cÖvB‡fU
wjwg‡UW KwjKvZv, 1381) c„ôv 505|
6. DwjøwLZ cUf~wg‡Z
evsjvq Z_v fvi‡Z bZzb K‡i Bs‡iRx we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb M‡o DV‡Z _v‡K| GB Av‡›`vjb‡K
AMÖmi Kivi j‡¶¨ 1883 mv‡ji 28 wW‡m¤^i KwjKvZvq BwÛqvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi D‡`¨v‡M
GKwU RvZxq gnvmfv AvûZ nq| wZb w`‡bi GB me© fviZxq m‡¤§j‡b KvwiMix wk¶vi cÖmvi,
PvKzix‡Z AwaK my‡hvM cÖvwß, kvmb e¨e¯’vq RbcÖwZwbwai e¨e¯’v, A¯¿ AvBb evwZj
cÖf„wZ cÖ¯Íve M„nxZ n‡qwQj| 1885 mv‡ji 25 †_‡K 27wW‡m¤^i BwÛqvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb,
weªwUk BwÛqv A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb I †gvnv‡gWvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb Z_v wn›`y gymjgvb Dfq
m¤cÖ`v‡qi Avnev‡b RvZxq gnvmfv AvûZ n‡qwQj| wmwfj mvwf©m cix¶v, A¯¿ AvBb,
BjevU© wej cÖf„wZ‡K †K›`ª K‡i †h Av‡›`vj‡bi myPbv Gfv‡eB Zv evsjv‡`‡ki Z_v
fvi‡Z ivR‰bwZK I mvsMVwbK H‡K¨i c‡_ AMÖmi n‡Z †cÖiYv hywM‡qwQj|
7. †Kv Av‡¯Ívbfv I
Ab¨vb¨, fviZe‡l©i BwZnvm (cÖMwZ cÖKvkb, g‡¯‹v, 1982) c„ôv t 467|
8. kªx i‡gk P›`ª gRyg`vi,
evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm, PZz_© LÛ (†Rbv‡ij wcÖ›Uvm© GÛ cvewjkvm© KwjKvZv, 1975) c„ôv
t 41| (Pj‡e)
0 comments:
Post a Comment