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BwÄwbqvwismn wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bB QvÎ BDwbqb wKsev QvÎjx‡Mi weRq AwR©Z n‡qwQj|
d‡j msMV‡b bZzb ai‡bi Drmvn DÏxcbv †`Lv †`q Ges fwel¨‡Z mvgwiKZš¿ we‡ivax
Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi e¨vcv‡i Avkvev` aŸwbZ n‡Z _v‡K|
mvsMVwbK GB mvdj¨ AR©b I Qv·`i g‡a¨ k³
wfwË ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQj QvÎ msMV‡bi †bZv-Kgx©‡`i AK¬všÍ cÖ‡Póvi ga¨ w`‡q| †gvnv¤§`
dinv`, e`iæj nK, Ave`yj nvwjg cÖgy‡Li †bZ…‡Z¡ QvÎ BDwbqb bZzb K‡i we¯Í…Z I msnZ
n‡Z _v‡K|21 ïay wbR msMVb‡K ¸Qv‡bvB bq Ab¨vb¨ msMVb we‡klZ QvÎjxM‡K
mwµq KiviI D‡`¨vM wb‡qwQ‡jb QvÎ BDwbqb †bZ…Z¡| d‡j MYZvwš¿K cÖMwZkxj QvÎ msMVb
`y'†Uvi mvsMVwbK cÖwZØw›ØZv m‡Ë¡I HK¨e× Kvh©µg Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj Dfq
msMVb|
GKz‡k †deªæqvix cvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡qI QvÎ
msMVb¸‡jvi Kvh©µg cÖmvwiZ nIqvi I Av‡›`vjbgyLx cwi‡ek m„wó nIqvi c_ cÖk¯Í
n‡qwQj| 1959 mv‡j QvÎ BDwbq‡bB †bZ…Z¡vaxb WvKmyi D‡`¨v‡M wewfbœ QvÎ msMV‡bi
†hŠ_ GKzk D`hvc‡bi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv nq| 1960 I 1961 mv‡jI G ai‡bi D‡`¨vM Ae¨vnZ
_v‡K| GB wZb eQ‡ii g‡a¨ †kl eQ‡ii GKzkB me‡P‡q †ewk mdj n‡qwQj| GQvov mvs¯‹…wZK
Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡gI QvÎ msMV‡bi fveg~wZ© ew„× cvq Ges evOvjx ms¯‹…wZi c‡¶ ewjó
c`‡¶c m‡PZb gvby‡li cÖksmv `„wó AvKl©b Ki‡Z m¶g nq|
XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, XvKv †gwWK¨vj K‡jRmn
wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b QvÎ msMVb we‡klZ QvÎ BDwbq‡bi D‡`¨v‡M my¯’ mvs¯‹…wZK
Abyôvb Dc¯’vcbvmn wewfbœgyLx mvs¯‹…wZK KvR †ek we¯Í…Z nq lv‡Ui `k‡Ki cÖ_g w`‡K|
1961 mv‡j iex›`ªbv‡_i Rb¥ kZevwl©Kx‡Z miKv‡ii mv¤cÖ`vwqK I evOvjx we‡ivax
g‡bvfve‡K AMÖvn¨ K‡i †h me Abyôvb n‡qwQj ZvI wQj mvgwiK kvm‡bi weiæ‡×B GKavc
AMÖMwZ|22
1961 mv‡j KwgDwb÷ cvwU©-AvIqvgxjxM
ˆeV‡Ki ci Av‡›`vjb wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ QvÎ BDwbqb I QvÎ jx‡Mi g‡a¨ GKwU ˆeVK
AbywôZ nq| 30†k wW‡m¤^i (1961) AbywôZ GB ˆeV‡K Dfq msMV‡bi 30-35Rb †bZv Dcw¯’Z
wQ‡jb| ˆeV‡K QvÎ BDwbqb mvgwiK kvm‡bi cwie‡Z© MYZš¿ cÖwZôv, cvwK¯Ív‡bi wewfbœ
RvwZi RvwZMZ AwaKvi cÖwZôv, AvBqyex wk¶vbxwZ evwZj, ivRe›`x‡`i gyw³ cÖf„wZ
`vew‡Z Av‡›`vjb ïiæ Kivi cÖ¯Íve †`q| wKš‘ QvÎjxM ïay MYZvwš¿K AwaKvi cÖwZôvi
g‡a¨B Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©m~Px mxgve× ivL‡Z Pvq| †kl ch©šÍ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g wVK nq †h
Avmbœ 21†k †deªæqvix a‡iB Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv n‡e| knx` w`em †_‡K ïiæ
n‡e ˆ¯^iZš¿ we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb| Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv GB wm×v‡šÍi ga¨
w`‡q ˆeVK †kl nq|
Av‡›`vjb ïiæ Kivi j‡¶¨ Dfq msMVb XvKvmn
mviv‡`‡k cÖ¯‘wZ KvR Pvjv‡Z _v‡K| Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ Dfq msMV‡bi
cÖwZwbwa wb‡q GKwU cuvP m`m¨ wewkó mgš^q KwgwU MwVZ nq| †gvnv¤§` dinv` I †kL
dRjyj nK gwY wQ‡jb GB KwgwU Z_v Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbvi †bZv| Rvbyqvixi cÖ_g w`‡KB
GB KwgwUi cÖ_g ˆeVK e‡mwQj|23 wKš‘ NUbv cÖevn Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv jMœ‡K
GwM‡q wb‡q Av‡m| Gi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³ cÖ¯‘Z bv _vK‡jI †bZ…‡Z¡i weP¶YZv I
`„pZvi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ QvovB mdjfv‡e AMÖmi n‡Z _v‡K|
Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv ce©
AvIqvgx jxM †bZv †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`x©‡K
30†k Rvbyqvix (1962) wbivcËv AvB‡b KivPx‡Z †MÖßvi Kivi d‡j c~e© evsjvq we‡kl
K‡i QvÎ hyeK‡`i g‡a¨ Zxeª cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq| mvaviY Qv·`i g‡a¨ GB Ab¨vq
†MÖßv‡ii weiæ‡× cÖwZev` Kivi g‡bvfve †`Lv †`q| GB †cÖw¶‡Z 31†k Rvbyqvix Kg©m~Px
wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ gayi †Kw›U‡b 4wU msMV‡bi †hŠ_ mfv e‡m| QvÎ BDwbqb I QvÎjxM
Qvov evwK `yÕwU msMV‡bi g‡a¨ b¨vkbvj ÷z‡W›Um †dWv‡ikb (Gb.Gm.Gd) wQj miKv‡ii
cÖZ¨¶ g`Zcyó gv¯Ívb‡`i AvLov Ges Ab¨wU (QvÎ kw³) wQj miKvi mg_©K| Giv Av‡jvPbvq
G‡mwQj Av‡›`vjb‡K ¶wZMÖ¯’ Kivi D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q|
Av‡jvPbv Pjj Mfxi ivZ ch©šÍ| Gb.Gm.Gd.
I QvÎ kw³ †h Kg©m~Px evbPvj Kivi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbvq G‡m‡Q Zv †gvnv¤§` dinv` wVK ai‡Z
cv‡ib| Zv‡`i ev` w`‡q Av‡›`vj‡bi cwiKíbv Ki‡Z gb¯Í K‡ib wZwb| ZvB wZwb †Kvb
wm×všÍ QvovB mfvi mgvwß †NvlYv K‡ib| †Kvb Kg©m~Px n‡”Q bv GB aviYv wb‡q miKv‡ii
`vjvj `yB msMV‡bi †bZviv P‡j hvIqvi ci Avevi mfv e‡m QvÎ BDwbqb I QvÎ jx‡Mi
g‡a¨| mfvq mvaviY Qv·`i bv‡g ciw`b ag©NU AvnŸv‡bi wm×všÍ M„nxZ nq| †kl iv‡Z
ciw`‡bi ag©N‡Ui Lei `ªæZ me©Î †cŠu‡Q †`qv nq| Aek¨ Av‡M _vK‡ZB QvÎ BDwbqb
Kgx©iv Gi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z n‡q ZrciZv Pvwj‡q hvw”Qj|
1jv †deªæqvix XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q me©vZ¥K
QvÎ ag©NU cvwjZ n‡jv| XvKv †gwWK¨vj K‡jRmn †ekwKQz wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bI QvÎ ag©NU nq|
†mvnivIqv`x©‡K †MÖdZv‡ii cÖwZev‡` AvgZjvq QvÎ mfvI AbywôZ n‡jv mvaviY Qv·`i
bv‡g| Gici XvKv kn‡ii wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡n Qv·`i D‡`¨v‡M mfv mgv‡ek Ae¨vnZ _v‡K|
2iv †deªæqvix ivRc‡_ wgwQj †ei n‡jv mvgwiK AvBb f½ K‡i| 3iv †deªæqvix AvBqy‡ei
ciivóªgš¿x XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q e³…Zv Ki‡Z G‡m bv‡Rnvj n‡q wd‡i †h‡Z eva¨ nb| 4Vv
I 5B †deªæqvix QvÎ we‡¶vf AviI we¯Í…Z nq| †mvnivIqv`x©mn mKj ivRe›`xi gyw³,
e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZv wbwðZ Kiv, mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi, MYZš¿ cÖwZôv cÖf„wZ `vwe‡Z
wjd‡jU, †cv÷vi cÖKvk QvovI †`qvj †jLv nq e¨vcKfv‡e| we‡klfv‡e 5B †deªæqvix
†gvnv¤§` dinv`, †iRv Avjx, e`iæj nK, nvq`vi AvKei Lvb i‡bv, mvBd DwÏb Avn‡g`
gvwbK cÖgy‡Li †bZ…‡Z¡ XvKv kn‡i e¨vcK †`qvj †jLv nq|23 hv †`‡L
XvKvevmxI Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv Abyfe Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQ‡jb| QvÎ mgv‡Ri we‡¶vf
DˇivËi e„wׇc‡Z _vK‡j KZ©„c¶ 5B †deªæqvix iv‡Z Awbw`©ó Kv‡ji Rb¨ wek¦we`¨vjq
eÜ †NvlYv K‡ib| Gevi Av‡›`vjb bZzb gvwÎKZv jvf K‡i| QvÎiv `‡j `‡j ¯^Ztù‚Z©fv‡e
GB Ab¨vq †NvlYvi cÖwZev‡` ivRc‡_ †b‡g Av‡m|
6B †deªæqvix XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q nvRvi
nvRvi QvÎ cÖwZev` mgv‡e‡k wgwjZ nq| mgv‡e‡ki ci wgwQj †ei nq| AvBqye ZLb XvKvq|
ZvB QvÎjxM Ges Qv·`i GKvsk wgwQj †cÖwm‡W›U fe‡bi w`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z Drmvnx wQj|
wKš‘ cywj‡ki my`„p †eóbxi Rb¨ Zv Kvh©Kix wQj Am¤¢e e¨vcvi, eis D‡ëv cÖPzi
¶q¶wZi m¤¢vebv wQj| KvR©b n‡ji mvg‡b cywj‡ki mv‡_ wgwQjKvix nvRvi nvRvi Qv‡Îi
msNl© ïiæ n‡j QvÎ BDwbqb †bZ…Z¡ wgwQj‡K Nywi‡q cyiv‡bv XvKvq wb‡q †h‡Z m‡Pó nb|
KviY GLv‡b QÎf½ nIqvi †P‡q cyiv‡bv XvKvq †M‡j Av‡›`vj‡bi c‡¶ Rbmg_©b cvIqv
mnRZi n‡e we‡ePbv K‡i QvÎ BDwbq‡bi mymsMwVZ Kwg©‡`i D‡`¨v‡M (†gwWK¨vj K‡j‡Ri
GK`j QvÎ BDwbqb Kgx© GKv‡R wb‡qvwRZ n‡qwQ‡jb) wgwQj bvwRgywÏb †ivW n‡q cyiv‡bv
XvKvq cÖ‡ek K‡i| GB mg‡q mvaviY gvbylI wgwQj kvwgj n‡q c‡ob|
ciw`b (7B †deªæqvix) miKvi cywj‡ki mv‡_
†mbvevwnbx wb‡qvM K‡i e¨vwi‡KW AviI k³ K‡i| KvR©b n‡ji †gv‡o wdì KvgvbI emv‡bv
nq| wek¦we`¨vjq‡K Pviw`K †_‡K †NivI K‡i ivLv nq hv‡Z wgwQj †ei n‡Z bv cv‡i|
wKš‘ †KŠk‡j Gw`bI wgwQj eKkxevRvi n‡q cyiv‡bv XvKvq cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges RbZvi
¯^Ztù‚Z© mg_©b jvf K‡i| nvU‡Lvjvq G‡m wgwQjKvix‡`i mv‡_ wgwjUvix cywj‡ki e¨vcK
msNl© nq| A‡bK QvÎ GB msN‡l© AvnZ I †MÖßvi nq| 6 I 7 Zvwi‡L QvÎiv AvBqy‡ei Qwei
DciI AvµgY Pvjvq| †`vKvb †_‡K d‡Uv †U‡b †ei K‡i Zv‡Z SvUv I Ry‡Zv cwo‡q †`q Ges
A‡bK Qwe wQu‡o †d‡j I cywo‡q †`q| Qv·`i GB R½x g‡bvfv‡ei d‡j Av‡›`vj‡b bZzb
`vwe hy³ nqt AvBqye kvnxi c`Z¨vM| MYZvwš¿K kvmbZš¿ iPbv, c~e©evsjvi ¯^vqËkvmb
BZ¨vw`| cÖK…Zc‡¶ AvBqye kvnxi weiæ‡× GB `yB w`‡bi NUbvi ga¨ w`‡q MY msMÖv‡giB
m~Pbv N‡UwQj|
wek¦we`¨vjq eÜ †NvlYvi ciI QvÎiv nj
Z¨vM Ki‡Q bv †`‡L cwyjk-wgwjUvix 8B †deªæqvix wek¦we`¨vj‡qi nj¸‡jv †NivI K‡i|
†Rvi K‡i Qv·`i‡K nj †_‡K †ei Kiv nq| Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZviv AvUKv c‡owQ‡jb cywjk
†eóbxi g‡a¨| 8B †deªæqvix iv‡Z So e„wó ïiæ n‡j †bZ…e„›` †Kvbµ‡g nj †Q‡o evB‡i
†h‡Z m¶g nb|24 Gi Av‡MB Aek¨ †bZ…e„‡›`i bv‡g †MÖßvix c‡ivqvbv Rvwi
Kiv n‡qwQj hv A‡bK w`b ch©šÍ envj wQj|
XvKv QvovI Av‡›`vjb wewfbœ †Rjvq Qwo‡q
c‡owQj| wKš‘ wek¦we`¨vjq eÜ n‡q hvIqvq †K›`ªxqfv‡e Av‡›`vjb w¯ÍwgZ n‡q c‡o| Gi
Qvc c‡o Ab¨ÎI| gvP© gv‡m wek¦we`¨vjq †Lvjvi ci Av‡›`vjb Avevi Pv½v nq| Z‡e
Av‡Mi gZ e¨vcKZv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| AvBqy‡ei †gŠwjK MYZ‡š¿i weavb m¤^wjZ msweavb
Rvwi (1jv gvP©, 1962) I †gŠwjK MYZš¿x‡`i Øviv RvZxq I cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`i m`m¨ wbe©vP‡bi
(GwcÖj) †g, 19620 weiæ‡× QvÎ mgvR †mv”Pvi nq| GQvov e›`x-‡bZv Kwg©‡`i gyw³,
†bZv‡`i bv‡g Rvix Kiv ûwjqv cÖZ¨vnvi cÖf„wZ `vwe‡Z mgv‡ek wgwQj AbwyôZ nq| hviv
Qv·`i Ave‡`b AMÖvn¨ K‡i wbe©vP‡b Ask wb‡qwQj I wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K cye©
evsjvi ¯^v‡_© K_v ejvi A½xKvi Av`v‡qi j‡¶¨I ZrciZv Pvjv‡bv nq| wKš‘ Av‡›`vjb †deªæqvixi
g‡Zv Avi R½xiƒc aviY K‡iwb|
cieZx© K‡qK gvm Av‡›`vjb R½x bv nIqvi
KviY n‡”Q t Qv·`i Av‡›`vj‡bi g~j `vwe wQj ivR‰bwZK e³e¨ m¤^wjZ| QvÎiv mvnmx I
R½x f~wgKv cvjb Kivq Zviv QvÎ-kªwgK-RbZvi Av¯’v AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g nq| wKš‘
Av‡›`vj‡b ivR‰bwZK †bZ…Z¡ h_vh_ fywgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| †bZv‡`i A‡b‡K ‡R‡j
wQ‡jb mZ¨, wKš‘ hviv evB‡i wQ‡jb ZvivI wbw¯Œq n‡q e‡m _v‡Kb| d‡j †deªæqvixi ci
†_‡K Av‡›`vjb wSwg‡q Av‡m Ges GB wSgv‡bvi †ik K‡qK gvm Ae¨vnZ _v‡K|
Z‡eGB Av‡›`vjb †_‡K †`‡ki msMÖvg
QvÎ-RbZvi mvg‡b GKwU AwfÁZvi ØviI Db¥y³ n‡qwQj| mvgwiK kvmb hZ †jŠn `„p †eóbxB
iPbv KiæK Zvi weiæ‡× I MY Av‡›`vjb m¤¢e| HK¨e× d«›U M‡o Zzj‡j Av‡›`vj‡b e¨vcK
Rgv‡qZ Kiv m¤¢e Ges QvÎiv Av‡›`vjb ïiæ Ki‡jI RbMY ¯^Ztù‚Z© mg_©b Øviv cÖgvY Kij
†h,RbMY MYZvwš¿K AwaKvi I ¯^vqËkvmbmn b¨vh¨ AwaKv‡ii c‡¶ Ges mvgwiKZ‡š¿i weiæ‡×|
GB me AwfÁZv †bZ…Z¡‡K fwel¨r Av‡›`vj‡b AMÖmi n‡Z †cÖiYv RywM‡qwQj|
Ae‡k‡l †`‡ki bqRb ivR‰bwZK †bZv 1962
mv‡ii 25†k Ryb GK wee„wZ‡Z AvBqye †NvwlZ kvmbZš¿ cÖÎvL¨vb K‡i bZzb kvmbZš¿ cÖYq‡bi
`vwe Rvbvb| 25 RbcÖwZwbwa‡`i Øviv kvmbZš¿ iPbv, kvmbZ‡š¿ RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKvi
mwbœ‡ek Kiv cÖf„wZ `vwe G‡Z ¯’vb cvq| mvgwiK AvBb ZLb D‡V wM‡qwQj| †bZ…e„›`
XvKvmn wewfbœ †Rjvq Rbmfv K‡ib| Rbg‡b wKQzUv Avkvi mÂv inq|26 ivR‰bwZK `jwewa
Rvix Kivi ci †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m (1962) wewfbœ `j cybiæ¾xeb bv NwU‡q HK¨e× d«›U (RvZxq
MYZvwš¿K d«›U-Gb.wW.Gd.) MVb Kiv nq| hw`I ciZx©‡Z GB HK¨ ¯’vqx nqwb- wewfbœ
`‡ji cybiæ¾xeb N‡U wM‡qwQj µgvš^‡q| (Pj‡e)
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