রক্তাক্ত ফেব্রুয়ারী

i³v³ †deªæqvix

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Rvbyqvixi wØZxqva© †_‡K (1983) QvÎ mgvR I wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK `‡ji msMÖvgx ZrciZv †eMevb n‡Z _v‡K| miKv‡ii KZ¸‡jv c`‡¶c I e³e¨ GB e¨vcv‡i c‡iv¶ cÖfve‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQj| 14B Rvbyqvix evsjv‡`k RwgqvZzj †gv`v‡iwQb Av‡qvwRZ Bmjvgx gnvm‡¤§j‡b †Rbv‡ij Gikv` evsjv‡`k‡K Bmjvgx ivóª cwiYZ Kiv Ges Avjcbvmn evsvjx ms¯‹…wZi I HwZ‡n¨i A‡bK wKQz‡K Bmjvg we‡ivax e‡j †NvlYv K‡ib| GKz‡k †deªæqvix knx` w`e‡mi wewfbœ Abyôvb evwZj K‡i agx©q g‡Z †KvivbLvwb Kivi K_vI wZwb †NvlYv K‡ib|26 QvÎ-wk¶K-eyw×Rxex, kªwgK-K…lK, ivR‰bwZK †bZ…Z¡mn mgv‡Ri me©¯Í‡ii gvbyl GB ¯^vaxbZv I RvZxq †PZbv we‡ivax e³‡e¨i cÖwZev` K‡ib| GB e³‡e¨i cÖwZev` Ávc‡bi m~‡ÎB †`‡k c‡bi `jxq †Rv‡Ui hvÎv ïiæ nq|27

µgea©gvb RbAm‡šÍvl j¶¨ K‡i wk¶vbxwZ‡Z RbM‡Yi gZvgZ †bIqv n‡e e‡j miKvi †NvlYv K‡i| wKš‘ ev¯Í‡e miKvi Zvi c~e© †NvwlZ c‡_B c`‡¶c w`‡Z _v‡K| 16B Rvbyqvix beg-`kg †kªYx‡Z mgwš^Z †Kvm© Pvjyi K_v †NvlYv Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi wk¶vq 24wU _vbvq Aviex wk¶v Pvjyi wm×všÍ †bIqv nq| c‡ii av‡c 100 wU‡Z DbœwZKiviI cwiKíbv †bIqv nq| GQvov GB mg‡q cÖKvwkZ 8B b‡f¤^i XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cywjkx nvgjvi Z`šÍ wi‡cv‡U© mgm¨vi g~j mgvav‡b bv wM‡q wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq GKwU bZzb _vbv wbg©v‡Yi cÖ¯Íve Kiv nq|<sup>28</sup> 24†k Rvbyqvix MY Afy¨Ìvb w`e‡m QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` wk¶v‡¶‡Î GBme ZzNjKxcbv evwZj K‡i 31†k Rvbyqvixi g‡a¨ Zv‡`i b¨vh¨ `vwe †g‡b †bqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvq| Rev‡e miKvi †MÖßvi wbh©vZ‡bi gvÎv e„w× K‡i| 26†k Rvbyqvix QvÎ BDwbqb mfvcwZ L›`Kvi †gvt dviæK, QvÎ jxM (gy-nv) †bZv AvZvDj Kwig dviæK I †Lv›`Kvi iwng‡K †MÖßvi K‡i| Gi cÖwZev‡` 27†k Rvbyqvix XvKvq I 30†k Rvbyqvix †`ke¨vcx QvÎ ag©NU cvwjZ nq| miKvi Aek¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi Pv‡c †kl ch©šÍ †MÖßviK…Z‡`i gyw³ w`‡Z eva¨ nq|

mvgwiK miKvi m¤ú‡K© QvÎ mgv‡Ri weZ…òv KZUv e„w× †c‡qwQj Zv `yÕ GKwU NUbv †_‡K eySv hvq| AvšÍtwek¦we`¨vjq µxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv nIqvi K_v wQj ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡q| †mLvbKvi QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` wk¶v wel‡q miKvix c`‡¶c cÖZ¨vnvi, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ †bZv‡`i bv‡g Rvix Kiv ûwjqv cÖZ¨vnvi cÖf„wZ `vwe‡Z ZLb Av‡›`vjb Pvjvw”Qj| 23†k Rvbyqvixi (1983) H µxovbyôvb D‡Øvab Kivi K_v wQj †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡`i| ivRkvnxi QvÎ-QvÎxiv, Av‡›`vj‡bi Ask wnmv‡e GB Abôvb eR©‡bi wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i| Ab¨vb¨ wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K AvMZ µxovwe`‡`iI Zviv GB eqKU wgwQ‡j kvwgj Kivq| D‡Øvabx Abyôv‡bi mgq gvV duvKv _v‡K| duvKv gvV fwZ© Kivi Rb¨ ¯‹zj †_‡K QvÎ Avbv n‡qwQj| Aciw`‡K wek¦we`¨vjq gv‡Vi AbwZ`~‡i QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` we‡¶vf mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRbK‡i| †mLv‡b nvRvi nvRvi QvÎ-QvÎx mg‡eZ nq| 29†k Rvbyqvix K…wl wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgveZ©b Drm‡eI †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡`i hvIqvi K_v wQj| wKš‘ QvÎ we‡¶v‡fi gy‡L †m AbyôvbI wcwQ‡q †`qv nq|²⁹

31†k Rvbyqvixi g‡a¨ QvÎ gv‡Ri `vwe bv gvbvq QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` 1jv †deªæqvix XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq Aciv‡Rq evsjvi cv`‡`‡k we‡¶vf mgv‡e‡k wgwjZ nq| †mB mgv‡e‡ki †NvlYv Abyhvqx 7B †deªæqvix †`ke¨vcx we‡¶vf w`em cvwjZ nq| BwZg‡a¨ mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡biI AMÖMwZ N‡U| c‡biwU ivR‰bwZK `j GKz‡k †deªæqvix Dcj‡¶ mvZ w`‡bi Kg©m~Px †NvlYv K‡i| wkíx-mvwnwZ¨K-eyw×Rxex-ms¯‹…wZ †mexiv wg‡j MVb K‡i GKz‡k D`hvcb KwgwU| Zviv 10B †deªæqvix †_‡K e¨vcK Kg©m~Px †NvlYv K‡ib| †`ke¨vcx GKy‡k †deªæqvix‡K a‡i ˆ¯^ivPvi we‡ivax MY msMÖv‡gi ïf m~Pbv NUvi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv nq| GB †cÖ¶vc‡U 14B †deªæqvixi Kg©m~Px Dcw¯’Z nq|

14B †deªæqvix wekvj QvÎ mgv‡ek N‡U XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq eUZjvq| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ-QvÎxiv QvovI XvKv bMixi wewfbœ ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri QvÎ-QvÎxiv GB mgv‡e‡k †hvM †`q| mKvj 11Uv bvMv` †K›`ªxq mgv‡ek ïiæ nq| QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i Ab¨Zg †bZv Ave`yjøvn Avj gvgy‡bi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ GB mfvq e³…Zv K‡ib WvKmyi mn-mfvcwZ AvLZviæ¾vgvb, QvÎ BDwbqb mfvcwZ L›`Kvi †gvt dviæK, ivKmyi mn mfvcwZ dR‡j †nv‡mb ev`kv, QvÎ jx‡Mi (d-Pz) mfvcwZ cRjyi ingvb, QvÎ jx‡Mi (Rv-Rv) mvaviY m¤úv`K L.g. Rvnv½xi, QvÎjx‡Mi Avmv`yjøvn Zv‡iK cÖgyL| mgv‡e‡ki ci wekvj wgwQj AMÖmi nq wk¶v gš¿Yvjq Awfgy‡L| KvR©b nj †_‡K Kjvfeb ch©šÍ ïay gvbyl Avi gvbyl| 1982 mv‡j Rvix Kiv mvgwiK AvBb f½ K‡i ivRc‡_ GB cÖ_g GZ eo wgwQj †ei n‡jv|

mvgwiK AvBb f½ K‡i ivRc‡_ wgwQj Kivi cwiYwZ‡Z miKvix evwnbxi nvgjv wQj Aek¨¤¢vex e¨vcvi| QvÎ mgv‡Ri GKvi c‡¶ GB nvgjv †gvKv‡ejv †ek KwVb| nvB‡Kv‡U©i †gv‡o wQj cywjki cÖavb e¨vwi‡KW| GLv‡b †ewk mgq Rgv‡qZ a‡i ivLv gv‡b msNl© Awbevh©| GBme we‡ePbvq m¤¢ve¨ ¶q¶wZ Gov‡bvi j‡¶¨ QvÎ †bZviv wgwQ‡ji gyL KvR©b n‡ji cÖavb †MU w`‡q wfZ‡ii w`‡K Nwyi‡q †`b Ges dzjevwoqv n‡q AMÖmi n‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ GB Nyic‡_i wgwQ‡j QvÎ Rgv‡q‡Zi ¶z`ª GKwU AskB gvÎ AMÖmi nq| g~j Rgv‡qZ KvR©b n‡ji mvg‡bi iv¯Ív‡ZB †_‡K hvq|

nvB‡KvU© †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †ZvcLvbv, ¸wj¯Ívb, Ave`yj MwY †ivW A_©vr mwPevj‡qi Pvicvk wQj mk¯¿ evwnbx w`‡q Vvmv I nvB‡Kv‡U©i †gv‡o cywjk KvUvZvi w`‡q e¨vwi‡KWI w`‡q iv‡L| QvÎiv Aek¨ KvR©b n‡ji mvg‡bi iv¯Ív‡ZB g~j Ae¯’vb MÖnY K‡i| Aek¨ KvR©b nj I wkï GKv‡Wgxi PZ¡‡iI A‡b‡K fxo Rgvq| †køvMvb †`qvi g‡a¨B QvÎiv Zv‡`i ZrciZv mxgve× iv‡L| cywj‡ki GKwU ivqU Kvi Zvi ¯^fvemyjf MR©b Ki‡Z Ki‡Z QvÎ Rgv‡q‡Zi w`‡K †Z‡o Av‡m Ges jvj cvwb wQwU‡q †`q| Qv·`i GKvsk Gi d‡j gvigyLx n‡q cvëv e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z ïi K‡i A_©vr BU cvU‡Kj wb‡¶c ïiæ nq| cywjk `ªæZB wUqviM¨vm I ¸jx Quyo‡Z ïiæ K‡i| KvR©b nj PZ¡‡i GB mg‡q Rqbvj bv‡g GKRb knx` nb| Zvi jvk QvÎiv †gwWK¨vj †_‡K c‡i Kjvfe‡b wb‡q hvq| A‡bK QvÎ †m mg‡q nZvnZ n‡qwQj| wUqviM¨vm I ¸jxi ci cywjk †ec‡ivqvfv‡e QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Dci nvgjv Pvjvq| wkï GKv‡Wgw‡Z †m mg‡q wkï‡`i GKwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZv PjwQj| †m cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq mg‡eZ wkï I AwffveKivI †mw`‡bi cywjkx nvgjvi nvZ †_‡K †invB cvqwb|

Aciv‡ý Rqbv‡ji jvk Kjvf‡bi g~j cÖ‡ekØv‡i ivLv nq| nvRvi nvRvi QvÎ-QvÎx knx‡`i cÖwZ kª×v Rvbv‡Z Kjvfe‡b Av‡m| c‡bi `jxq †Rv‡Ui †bZ…e„›` Ges Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji A‡bK †bZvivI knx‡`i cÖwZ kª×v wb‡e`b Ki‡Z Kjvfe‡b Av‡mb Ges Qv·`i msMÖv‡gi mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv Rvwb‡q e³e¨ iv‡Lb| wk¶Kmn wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii gvbylI Kjvfe‡b †mw`b Av‡mb| knx‡`i jvk wb‡q QvÎiv wgwQj Kivi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY K‡i Ges ciw`b niZvj AvnŸvb K‡i| †mB gyn~‡Z©B kZ kZ cywj‡ki mymw¾Z `j wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq nvgjv Pvjvq| QvÎ-QvÎx, wk¶K, Kg©Pvix, mvsevw`Kmn AmsL¨ wbixn gvbylI †m nvgjvi wkKv‡i cwiYZ nq| Kjvfeb I wewfbœ n‡j Avkªq MÖnYKvix‡`i DciI nvgjv P‡j| wbôzi gviwc‡Ui cvkvcvwk nvRvi nvRvi QvÎ RbZv‡K †MÖßvi Kiv nq| GB bviKxq ZvÛ‡ei g‡a¨I QvÎiv knx` Rqbv‡ji jvk gnwmb n‡j wb‡q hvq Ges n‡ji g‡a¨ `vdb Kivi cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY K‡i| wKš‘ iv‡Z cywjk n‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i jvk wQwb‡q †bq Ges AmsL¨ Qv·K †MÖßvi K‡i †bq| †MÖßviK…Z‡`i Dci Pvjv‡bv nq AK_¨ wbh©vZb| †mw`b mܨv 6Uv †_‡K wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq I ivZ `kUv †_‡K XvKv kn‡i KviwdD Rvix Kiv nq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ eÜ K‡i †`q miKvi|

15B †deªæqvix XvKv, PÆMÖvgmn †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b AvswkK niZvj cvwjZ nq| GKw`‡bi g‡a¨ mviv‡`‡k Lei cvVv‡bv †hgb m¤¢e nqwb, wUK †Zgwb QvÎ †bZv I g~j msMVKiv cywj‡ki ˆeKvwjK nvgjvq wewQbœ n‡q c‡ob| hvi d‡j XvKv kn‡iI fvj cÖ¯‘wZ †bIqv m¤¢e nqwb| ZeyI RMbœv_ K‡jR, †ZRMuvI, gxicyi cÖf„wZ ¯’v‡b QvÎRbZv ivRc‡_ †b‡g Av‡m| miKvixfv‡e †mw`b 1 R‡bi wbnZ nIqvi K_v ¯^xKvi Kiv nq (hvi bvg †gvnv¤§` AvBqye)| H w`b PÆMÖv‡gi wbnZ nb 1Rb (†gvRv‡¤§j †nv‡mb KvÂb)| †mw`b mܨv 6Uv †_‡K KviwdD Rvix Kiv nq Ges mKj wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ K‡i †`qv nq| Hw`b c‡bi `jxq †Rv‡Ui †bZ…e„›`‡K ˆeVKiZ Ae¯’vq †MÖßvi K‡i K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U wb‡q hvIqv nq|30

Gfv‡e mvgwiK miKvi i‡³i †mªvZavivi ga¨ w`‡q AMÖmi n‡q wk¶vi `vwe‡Z AMÖmivqgvb Av‡›`vjb‡K `gb Ki‡Z †Póv Pvjvq| ivR‰bwZK `j, kªwgK msMVbmn mgv‡Ri wewfbœ kw³ cÖ¯‘Z nIqvi Av‡MB QvÎ mgv‡Ri iv¯Ívq bvgv‡K miKvi mn‡RB Zxeª wb‡®úlY Pvwj‡q `gb Ki‡Z cÖqvmx nq| hw` GKz‡k †deªæqvix a‡i ivR‰bwZK `j I Ab¨‡`i cÖ¯‘wZ m¤úbœ nIqvi ci Ges kªwgK †kªYx AMÖmi nIqvi mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q QvÎ Av‡›`vjb ivRc‡_ bvgZ Z‡e Av‡›`vj‡bi dj A‡bK †ewk cvIqv †h‡Zv Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB|

`k `dv `vwebvgv

mvgwiK mKv‡ii wk¶v cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKv‡ki ci we‡klZ msMÖvg †eMevb n‡q IVvi ci QvÎ msMVb¸‡jv wk¶v wel‡q GKwU `vwebvgv iPbv Kivi cÖqvm Pvjv‡Z _v‡K| 1983 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †deªæqvixi i³v³ NUbvi ci AvZ¥‡MvcbiZ Ae¯’vq Qv·bZviv GB KwVb KvRwU m¤úbœ K‡ib| ¯^vaxb †`‡ki Dc‡hvMx ˆelg¨nxb, Amv¤cÖ`vwqK, weÁvb wfwËK, mve©Rbxb I MYgyLx wk¶vbxwZ cÖYq‡bi cvkvcvwk GB `vwe bvgvq †hgb Avï KiYx‡qi K_v wQj, wVK †Zgwb wQj my`yicÖvmvix j‡¶¨i K_v| wk¶v welqK `vwe QvovI mvgwiK miKv‡ii wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× e¨e¯’v MÖnY| wk¶v½Y‡K miKvix evwnbxi nvgjv gy³ ivLv, wkw¶Z hyeK‡`i Kg©ms¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v| e›`xgyw³, mvgwiK AvB‡bi Aemvb, RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKvi cÖwZôv| RbRxe‡bi mgm¨v n«vm, ¯^vaxbZvi aviv i¶v, kªwgK-K…lK I Ab¨vb¨ ¯Í‡ii gvby‡li mgm¨vi mgvavb| †RvU wbi‡c¶ ciivóªbxwZ cÖwZôv BZ¨vw` `vweI QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i `vwebvgvi ¯’vb cvq| wk¶v I Ab¨vb¨ `vwe hy³ K‡i msMÖv‡gi GKwU c~Y©v½ `vwebvgv iwPZ nq gvP© gv‡m (1983)| A‡bK Dc `dv mn `kwU cÖavb `dvq wef³ GB `vwebvgv `k `dv bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

26†k gvP© Qv·`i ¯^vaxbZv w`e‡mi Rgv‡q‡Z GB `vwebvgv cÖ_g †NvlYv Kiv nq| Aciv‡Ri evsjvi cv`‡`‡k 26†k gvP© mKv‡j QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i Rgv‡q‡Z `k `dv `vwebvgvi wfwˇZ msMÖvg ZxeªZi Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡qwQj| QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i `k `dv Kg©m~Px wQj wbgœiƒc t

1.(K) GKwU MYZvwš¿K b¨vqm½Z Av‡›`vj‡b 14 †_‡K 20†k †deªæqvix ch©šÍ ee©‡ivwPZ nZ¨vKvÛ I wbcxo‡bi Z`‡šÍi Rb¨ QvÎ, wk¶K, mvsevw`K I AvBbwe`‡`i m¤^‡q GKwU wbi‡c¶ Z`šÍ Kwgkb MVb K‡i wbnZ, AvnZ‡`i c~Y© ZvwjKv I cÖK…Z NUbv m¤^wjZ wi‡cvU© †ck Ki‡Z n‡e| G b„ksm nZ¨vKvÛ I wbwe©Pv‡i Mbwbh©vZ‡bi Rb¨ †`vlx e¨w³‡`i cÖKvk¨ Av`vj‡Z wePv‡i gva¨‡g `„óvšÍg~jK kvw¯Í w`‡Z n‡e| knx`‡`i cwievieM©‡K Ges AvnZ I ¶wZMÖ¯’‡`i Dchy³ ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z n‡e|

(L) BwZc~‡e© mvgwiK AvB‡b 7eQi mvRvcÖvß 3Rb QvÎmn mviv‡`‡k G Av‡›`vj‡bi ïiæ †_‡K GLb ch©šÍ †MÖdZviK…Z mKj e›`xi wbtkZ© gyw³ w`‡Z n‡e| QvÎ †bZ…e„›`mn mKj Qv‡Îi weiæ‡× `v‡qiK…Z gvgjv I ûwjqv cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z n‡e|

(M) wk¶v cÖwZôvb GjvKvq cywjk I mvgwiK evwnbxi n¯Í‡¶c, `gbbxwZ ¯’vqxfv‡e eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e| 73 mv‡ji wek¦we`¨vjq Aa¨v‡`kmn wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ¯^vqËkvm‡bi AwaKvi A¶zbœ ivL‡Z n‡e| K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq I cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vj‡q 73 mv‡ji wek¦we`¨vjq Aa¨v‡`k Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. (K) mvgwiK miKvi †NvwlZ W. gwR` Lv‡bi MYwe‡ivax wk¶vbxwZ evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) ¯^vaxbZv‡Ëvi MwVZ mKj wk¶v Kwgk‡bi wi‡cvU©, w_wmm, GKwU MYZvwš¿K cwi‡e‡k wk¶vi mv‡_ mswkøó QvÎ, wk¶K, eyw×Rxex AwffveKmn mKj gn‡ji gZvgZ wb‡qI ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i mvaviY gvby‡li †kvlY gyw³i j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L GKwU weÁvb wfwËK, Amv¤cÖ`vwqK, MYgyLx I mve©Rbxb wk¶vbxwZ cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

(M) wk¶v‡¶‡Î miKvix, †emiKvix MÖvg knimn mKj (wKÛviMv‡U©b, K¨v‡WU K‡jR, †iwm‡WwÝqvj ¯‹zj BZ¨vw`) ‰elg¨ `~i K‡i mviv‡`‡k GKB ai‡bi wk¶vbxwZ Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wk¶vi gva¨g n‡e gvZ…fvlv|

(N) Aóg †kªYx ch©šÍ wk¶v‡K A‰eZwbK I eva¨Zvg~jK Ges ch©vqµ‡g †MvUv wk¶v e¨e¯’v‡K RvZxqKiY Ki‡Z n‡e|

(O) wbi¶iZv `yixKi‡Y I eq¯‹ wk¶v ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡¶¨ Kvh©Kix e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q †`‡ki †kvwlZ-ewÂZ gvbyl‡K wk¶v`vb I m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e|

(P) wk¶v_x©‡`i mr, Av`k©evb I ewÂZ gvby‡li Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆmwbK Ges mvgwMÖK Dbœqb I RvZxq weKv‡ki Rb¨ wb‡ew`Z cÖvY, m‡PZb bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L cvV¨myPx cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| cvV¨m~Px‡Z ¯^vaxbZv, gyw³hy‡×i mwVK BwZnvm, RvZxq †MŠieMuv_vmg~n Ges MY gvby‡li gyw³i j‡¶¨ cwiPvwjZ wewfbœ Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK BwZnvm I †PZbvmg~n mwbœ‡ewkZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

(Q) RvZxq ev‡R‡U wk¶vLv‡Z eiv‡Ïi cwigvY evov‡Z n‡e|

(R) wk¶K mgv‡Ri mvgvwRK gh©v`v e„w×, Zuv‡`i †gav, eyw× I cwikªg‡K g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~‡n ch©vß wk¶K wb‡qvM K‡i wk¶‡Ki Afve c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e| wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Kg©iZ Kg©Pvix‡`i mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

3. (K) †ij, evm, jÂ, ÷xgvimn mKj hvbevn‡b QvÎ/QvÎx‡`i 50 cvi‡m›U Kb‡mkb w`‡Z n‡e| nj, †nv‡÷j I wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi K¨vw›Ubmg~‡n ch©vß cwigv‡b mvewmwW w`‡Z n‡e| miKvix D‡`¨v‡M mvewmwW w`‡q mKj wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b eB cy¯ÍK, LvZv-Kjg, Kvwjmn mKj wk¶v DcKiY ¯^íg~‡j¨ mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡`k †_‡K Avg`vbxK…Z wk¶v DcKiY U¨v· wd« Ki‡Z n‡e| †ev‡W©i eB wb‡q †K‡j¼vix eÜ K‡i `yb©xwZgy³ I `¶ e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvby‡li mšÍvb‡`i nv‡Z †cŠuQv‡bvi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) e„wËi cwigvY I msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| Avw_©K Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv Qv‡Îi wk¶vRxeb wewNœZ n‡q bv hvq Zvi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z n‡e| QvÎRxe‡b LÛKvjxb PvKzix w`‡Z n‡e|

(M) †`‡ki RbmsL¨v Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wek¦we`¨vjq ch©vq †_‡K wbgœZg wk¶v cÖwZôvb ch©šÍ cÖwZwU wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Avmb msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e| Ges G j‡¶¨ K¬vkiæg, j¨ve‡iUix, nj, †nv‡ój wbg©vYc~e©K cÖwZwU wk¶v cÖwZôvb ewa©Z Ki‡Z n‡e|

(N) mKj wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b my¯’ I MYZvwš¿K cwi‡ek Ges QvÎ wk¶K‡`i MYZvwš¿K AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| QvÎ msm` wbe©vP‡bi avivevwnKZv A¶zbœ †i‡L msm`mg~‡ni wbe©vPb w`‡Z n‡e|

(O) wk¶vRxeb †k‡l cÖwZwU QvÎ/QvÎxi PvKzixi wbðqZv w`‡Z n‡e| PvKzix cÖ`vb bv Kiv ch©šÍ cÖ‡Z¨K‡K †eKvi fvZv w`‡Z n‡e| miKvix PvKzixi eqm-mxgv 30 ermi wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e|

(P) gv`ªvmv wk¶v‡K mgm¨vgy³ I hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Ki‡Z n‡e|

4. (K) Awej‡¤^ mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i evK, e¨w³, msev`c‡Îi ¯^vaxbZvmn Aeva ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ Õ72 m‡bi msweav‡bi (PZz_© ms‡kvabxi c~e© ch©šÍ) wfwˇZ c~Y© MYZvwš¿K wewa e¨e¯’v Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) mvRvcÖvß I wePvivaxb mKj QvÎ, ivRe›`x‡`i Awej‡¤^ wbtkZ© gyw³ w`‡Z n‡e| mywbw`©ó Awf‡hvM Qvov we‡kl ¶gZv AvB‡b KvD‡K AvUK ivLv Pj‡e bv| ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·`i Dci wg_¨v gvgjv cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z n‡e| K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq I PÆMÖvg K‡j‡Ri QvÎ nZ¨vi wePvi PvB|

(M) wbeZ©bg~jK Jcwb‡ewkK Kviv AvBb I e¨e¯’vcbv cwieZ©b K‡i hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj mvgwiK Av`vjZ I mvgwiK AvB‡b `wÛZ e¨w³‡`i Avwcj I wiwfDi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e|

(N) Abœ, e¯¿, wk¶v, wPwKrmv, evm¯’v‡bi †gŠwjK gvbweK AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

(O) †cÖm G¨vÛ cvewj‡KkÝ G¨v± evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e|

(P) ivóª cwiPvjbvq I bxwZ wba©vi‡Y K…lKmn me©¯Í‡ii RbM‡Yi gZvgZ I AskMÖn‡Yi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

(Q) Nyl, `yb©xwZcivqY AvgjvZvwš¿K cÖkvm‡bi cwieZ©b K‡i RbM‡Yi †kvlYgyw³i j‡¶¨ MYZvwš¿K cÖkvmb M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|

5. (K) Lv`¨mn wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨g~‡j¨i `vg, `ywf©¶ve¯’v †gvKvwejv I A_©‰bwZK g›`v `yi Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj cÖKvi AcÖ‡qvRbxq wejvm`ªe¨ Avg`vbx eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) wPwKrmv, hvbevnb I evm¯’v‡bi gZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Lv‡Z miKvix Aby`vb e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|

6. ¯^vaxbZv I gyw³hy‡×i ga¨ w`‡q M‡o DVv MY‡PZbv I AvKv•¶v‡K mgybœZ ivL‡Z n‡e| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi ga¨ w`‡q AwR©Z MYZvwš¿K mvdj¨¸‡jv‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| G MYZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡bi aviv‡K †gnbxZ gvby‡li †kvlY gyw³ I mgvRZ‡š¿i j‡¶¨ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

7. (K) we-ivóªxqKiY bxwZ cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `yb©xwZ I A‡hvM¨Zv‡K `~i K‡i ivóªvqË LvZ‡K AviI jvfRbK Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡`‡ki mv‡_ m¤úvw`Z mKj mggh©v`vnxb A_©‰bwZK I evwYwR¨K Pzw³ evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e| †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i ¶z`ª I gvSvwi wk‡íi weKv‡ki my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| jwMœcuywR, eûRvwZ‡K Ki‡cv‡ik‡bi Aeva jyÚb eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) KviLvbv †_‡K kªwgK QuvUvB I wbh©vZb eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e| `ªe¨g~‡j¨i mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L kªwgK Kg©Pvix‡`i Dchy³ †eZb wba©viY Ges kªwgK cwiev‡ii evm¯’vb, wk¶v I wPwKrmv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

kªwgK‡`i ag©NUmn †UªW BDwbqb MV‡bi I †kªYx wnmv‡e HK¨e× nIqvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| kªwgK msMVb¸‡jvi b¨vqm½Z `vwemg~n gvb‡Z n‡e|

(M) Mixe, f~wgnxb K…lK, †¶ZgRyi‡`i A_©‰bwZK gyw³i j‡¶¨ Avgyj f~wgms¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e| mvi, KxUbvkK Jla, wW‡Rj, cvIqvi cv¤ú, exRmn mKj K…wl DcKiYi `vg Kgv‡Z n‡e| Mixe I cÖK…Z K…lK‡`i Rb¨ K…wl F‡Yi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z n‡e| †¶ZgRyi I K…wl kªwgK‡`i mviv eQ‡ii Kv‡Ri wbðqZv, `ªe¨g~‡j¨i mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© I Dchy³ gRyix, †UªW BDwbqb AwaKvi I †iwR‡÷ªkb Kv‡Ri N›Uv wba©viY I †ikwbs e¨e¯’vi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z n‡e| wewfbœ K…lK I †¶ZgRyi msMV‡bi b¨vh¨ `vwe-`vIqvmg~n gvb‡Z n‡e|

(N) wk¶K, mvsevw`K, PvKzwiRxex, Kg©Pvix, kªwgK, K…lK, wiKkv PvjK cwienb kªwgK‡`i b¨vh¨ `vwe-`vIqvmgyn gvb‡Z n‡e| †`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Rxe‡b m¤§vbRbKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

8.(K) miKvix I †e-miKvix Kv‡R evsjv fvlvi e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

(L) mvaviY RbM‡Yi Avkv AvKv•¶vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨nxb KziæwPc~Y© Acms¯‹…wZi cÖmvi I cÖPviYv eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq Avkv-AvKv•¶vi we‡klZ kªgRxex RbM‡Yi Avkv-Avkv•¶vi cÖwZdjb NUv‡bvi Rb¨ †iwWI, wUÑwf, Pjw”PÎmn mKj gva¨g‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| GB j‡¶¨ my¯’ I MwZkxj Pjw”PÎ wbg©vY, bvU¨ Av‡›`vjb I cÖKvkbv †¶‡Î Aby`vb w`‡Z n‡e Ges Db¥y³ RvZxq g wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e|

9. agx©q msL¨vjNy‡`i cÖwZ ˆelg¨ `yixKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ Awc©Z (kÎæ) m¤úwË AvBb evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e| cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvgmn †`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j RvZxq msL¨vjNymg~‡ni ¯^KxqZvi ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb Ges Zv‡`i fvlv I ms¯‹…wZi weKvk mva‡b I A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

10. mvgªvR¨ev‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj ˆe‡`wkK bxwZi eZ©gvb aviv evwZj K‡i ¯^vaxb I mwµq †RvUwbi‡c¶ ciivóªbxwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| wdwjw¯Íbmn mKj gyw³msMÖv‡g `„p f~wgKv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges Bû`xev`, eY©-‰elg¨ev`, cuywRev`, d¨vwmev`, Dcwb‡ekev`, bqv-Dcwb‡ekev` we‡ivax K‡Vvi bxwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| RvZxq ¯^v_© A¶zbœ †i‡L dviv°v, ZvjcwÆmn cÖwZ‡ekx †`‡ki mv‡_ mKj mgm¨vi b¨vqmsMZ mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e| Z…Zxq we‡k¦i Dbœqbkxj †`k I mgvRZvwš¿K we‡k¦i †`k¸wji mv‡_ eÜzZ¡c~Y© m¤úK© M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|31

†deªæqvix DËi NUbv cÖevn

mvgwiK miKvii wbg©g AvNv‡Z †d«eªæqvixi ga¨fv‡M Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³ GKUz wech©¯Í n‡q co‡jI Lye kxNÖB Avevi Kg©KvÛ mPj Kivi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv nq| GKz‡k †deªæqvix‡K †K›`ª K‡iB GB D‡`¨vM Bw¯úZ j¶¨ AR©b K‡i| wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK `j, msMVb, mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖf„wZi c¶ †_‡K mxwgZ cwim‡i n‡jI GKz‡ki Kg©m~Px cvwjZ nq Ges AvMvgx w`‡bi msMÖv‡gi kc_ D”PvwiZ nq|32

miKvi Aek¨ QvÎ mgv‡Ri `vwei Kv‡Q bwZ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| 18B †deªæqvix †Rbv‡ij Gikv` GK fvl‡Y mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi cÖ¯Íve †`b Ges RbM‡Yi gZvgZ Qvov wk¶vbxwZi e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv n‡e bv e‡j †NvlYv K‡ib| gvP© gv‡mi cÖ_gw`K bvMv` AwaKvsk e›`x‡`i gyw³i cÖ`vb Kiv nq| c‡njv GwcÖj †_‡K mvgwiK AvB‡bi aviv wkw_j K‡i N‡ivqv ivRbxwZi AwaKviI cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

GB mg‡q QvÎ mgvR nZ¨v wbh©vZ‡bi cÖwZev‡` Ges `k `dvi mg_©‡b KZ¸‡jv Kg©m~Px MÖnY K‡i| wk¶v cÖwZôvb †Lvjvi ci 6B gvP© †kvK w`em cvjb Kiv nq| ee©i nvgjvi cÖwZev‡` wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b we‡¶vf wgwQj I AbywôZ nq| 1jv GwcÖj †_‡K 10B GwcÖj ch©šÍ P‡j `k `dvi cÖPvi Awfhvb| 11B GwcÖj cvwjZ nq †`ke¨vcx `vwe w`em| 18B †g XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq †Lvjvi ci eUZjvq QvÎ-wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i †kvK mgv‡ek AbywôZ nq| 22 †_‡K 25†k †g cywjkx wbh©vZ‡bi Av‡jvKwPÎ cÖ`k©b Kiv nq wek¦we`¨vj‡q| 23†k †g knx‡`i Mv‡qevbv RvbvRvI 25†k †g QvÎmfv AbywôZ nq| wk¶K mwgwZI mvZw`be¨vcx †kvK Kg©m~Px MÖnY K‡i| w`‡bi cÖ_g K¬v‡k 1 wgwbU bxieZv cvjb I Kv‡jv e¨vP aviY Kiv nq GB mvZw`b| Gfv‡e msMÖv‡gi wkLv Avevi D¾j n‡Z ïiæ K‡i|

Ryb gv‡mi 6 Zvwi‡L 10`dvi mg_©‡b QvÎ ag©NU cvwjZ nq| RyjvB-AvM÷ gv‡m miKvix g``cÖvß mk¯¿ gv¯Ívb‡`i nvgjv cÖwZnZ Kiv nq XvKv wek¦we`¨vjqmn wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b| 2iv A‡±vei XvKvq AbywôZ nq QvÎ Kb‡fbkb| eUZjvq Av‡qvwRZ GB Kb‡fbk‡b mviv‡`k †_‡K QvÎQvÎxiv †hvM †`q Ges 10 `dvi msMÖvg‡K †eMevb Kivi A½xKvi †NvlYv K‡i| mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax e¨vcKwfwËK QvÎ-MY Av‡›`vjb Movi cÖZ¨‡q QvÎ mgvR AMÖmi nq| Gi c‡ii Aa¨v‡q Aek¨ Qv·`i Av‡›`vjb‡K Avjv`v K‡i wPwýZ Kiv hvq bv- mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax MYAv‡›`vj‡bi g‡a¨B Zv‡`i Ae¯’vb wPwýZ n‡q hvq| †m mg‡q wk¶v Av‡›`vjbI mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax MYmsMÖv‡gi mv‡_ GKvKvi n‡q wM‡qwQj|

mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax MYAv‡›`vjb

1983 mv‡ji cÖ_gw`‡K c‡bi `jxq †RvU MwVZ nIqvq ga¨w`‡q †`k‡cÖwgK MYZvwš¿K cÖMwZkxj kw³i e„nËi HK¨ cÖwZwôZ nq| hv mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax msMÖv‡gi Kv‡djvq bZzb gvwÎKZv `vb K‡i| GKz‡k †deªæqvix‡Z M„nxZ Kg©m~Px mdj Kivi ga¨w`‡q msMÖv‡gi †h cÖ¯‘wZ MÖn‡Yi cwiKíbv wQj c‡bi `‡ji Zv 14-15B †deªæqvixi i³v³ NUbvi d‡j ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡Z cv‡iwb| c‡njv GwcÖj †_‡K N‡ivqv ivRbxwZ Pvjy n‡j 9B GwcÖj `vwe w`em cvj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q c‡bi `j MYZš¿ cÖwZôvi j‡¶¨ MY Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi e³e¨ Dcw¯’Z K‡i| N‡ivqv ivRbxwZi my‡hv‡M mviv‡`‡k mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax MY Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ¯‘wZ Pj‡Z _v‡K cÖKvk¨fv‡e| Gi †ek wKQzw`b ci †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m we.Gb.wcÕi †bZ…‡Z¡ mvZ`jxq †RvU MwVZ nq| mvgwiK kvm‡bi Aemvb I MYZš¿ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ b~b¨Zg Kg©m~Pxi wfwˇZ (cuvP `dv Kg©m~Px) Dfq †Rv‡Ui hyMcr msMÖvgx avivi m~Pbv N‡U|<sup>33</sup> cuvP `dv `vwe‡Z cÖ_g niZvj cvwjZ nq 1983 mv‡ji 1jv b‡f¤^i| Av‡›`vjb M‡o DVvi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qB Aek¨ 28†k b‡f¤^i mwPevj‡qi mvg‡b Ae¯’vb ag©N‡Ui g‡Zv nUKvix Kg©m~Px †bIqv nq| e¨vcK Rgv‡qZ wb‡qI ZvB cÖPÛ `gb-cxo‡bi gy‡L †mw`b `yB †RvU‡K wcQz nU‡Z nq| ivRbxwZ Avevi wbwl× n‡q hvq| †mw`b miKvix wnmve g‡ZB PviRb wbnZ n‡qwQj|

c‡ii eQ‡ii cÖ_gw`‡K mvgwiK miKvi †NvwlZ Dc‡Rjv wbe©vPb cÖwZnZ Kivi j‡¶¨ Avevi Av‡›`vjb Pv½v n‡q I‡V| c‡njv gvP© cvwjZ nq mdj niZvj| Hw`b Av`gRxi kªwgK †bZv ZvRyj Bmjvgmn wZbRb wbnZ nb| Gi Av‡M 28†k †deªqvix cywj‡ki UªvK Pvcvq QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i wgwQ‡j wbnZ n‡qwQj XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ †mwjg I †`‡jvqvi| miKvix nZ¨v-mš¿vm Av‡›`vjb‡K AviI †eMevb K‡i †Zv‡j| Av‡›`vj‡bi ZxeªZvq fxZ n‡q miKvi †kl ch©šÍ Dc‡Rjv wbe©vPb ¯’wMZ K‡i| miKvi ivR‰bwZK `‡ji mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvq em‡Z eva¨ nb| GB mg‡q kªwgK-Kg©Pvix‡`i Av‡›`vjbI †Rvi`vi n‡q I‡V| miKvi mg_©K Qvov mKj kªwgK msMVb wg‡j HK¨ cwil` MVb K‡i Ges 28†k GwcÖj 24 N›Uvi ag©NU cvjb K‡i 5 `dv `vwe‡Z| 22 I 23 †k †g 48 N›Uvi ag©NU ïiæi cÖv°v‡j miKvi Zv‡`i `vwe †g‡b wb‡Z eva¨ nq| Gfv‡e GKUvi ci GKUv weRq AwR©Z n‡Z _v‡K Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³i|

MYZš¿ cÖwZôvi j‡¶¨ `yB †Rv‡Ui AvnŸv‡b AveviI niZvj cvwjZ nq 27†k AvM÷ I 27†k †m‡Þ¤^i| 14B A‡±vei c‡bi `‡ji Wv‡K RvZxq gnvmgv‡ek AbywôZ nq †k‡ievsjv bM‡i| wekvj GB Rbmg~‡`ª RbM‡Yi AvKvw•¶Z RvZxq `vwe GKzk `dv Kg©m~Px †NvwlZ nq| Gici 8B wW‡m¤^i 24 N›UviI 22-23 wW‡m¤^i 48 N›Uvi mdj niZvj cvwjZ nq mviv‡`‡k| Av‡›`vj‡bi GB †cÖ¶vc‡U miKvi RbZvi `vwei Kv‡Q bwZ ¯^xKvi Kiv ïiæ K‡i| mvgwiK cÖkvmb ¸wU‡q Avbv nq| Rb`jxq gš¿xmfv evwZj Kiv nq, Aev` I wbi‡c¶ wbe©vP‡bi †NvlYv †`qv nq| †cÖwm‡W›U I miKvi wbe©vP‡b wbi‡c¶ _vK‡e e‡j †NvlYv †`qv nq I wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi cwieZ©b Kiv nq| GB Ae¯’vq 1985 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi msm` wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡j Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³B jvfevb n‡Zv Ges Av‡›`vj‡bi dmj N‡i Zz‡j Avb‡Z cvi‡Zv| wKš‘ AvIqvgx jxM, we.Gb.wc I evg `vwe`vi DMÖ `j¸‡jvi GK¸‡q g‡bvfv‡ei Rb¨ mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi dj a‡i ivLv m¤¢e n‡jv bv|  mvgwiK miKvi GB my‡hv‡Mi A‡c¶v‡ZB e‡mwQj| we‡ivax †Rv‡Ui wbe©vP‡b Ask bv †bqvi ARynv‡Z 1jv gvP© mvgwiK AvB‡bi wewawb‡la cy‡iv Pvjy Kiv nq, †NvwlZ msmv` wbe©vPb evwZj Kiv nq| ivRbxwZ wbwl× Kiv nq Ges †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡`i c‡¶ MY‡fvU (21†k gvP©, 1985) I Dc‡Rjv wbe©vPb (16, 20†g, 1985) Abyôvb Kiv nq| Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³ ZLb h_vh_ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o Zzj‡ZI e¨_© nq|

A‡±vei †_‡K N‡ivqv ivRbxwZ I c‡ii eQi Rvbyqvix †_‡K cÖKvk¨ ivRbxwZi my‡hv‡M Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³ Avevi msnZ n‡Z ïiæ K‡i| 11B wW‡m¤^i (1985), 5B Rvbyqvix (1986), 3iv †deªæqvix niZvj cvwjZ nq| 28†k wW‡m¤^i (1985) †_‡K cvUKj kªwgK, 22†k wW‡m¤^i †_‡K †ckvRxexiv, †deªæqvix †_‡K gva¨wgK wk¶Kiv ag©N‡U †hvM †`b| 24†k †deªæqvix †k‡ievsjv bM‡i Avevi c‡bi `‡ji RvZxq gnvmgv‡ek AbywôZ nq| GB †cÖ¶vc‡U miKvi †g gv‡m msm` wbe©vPb †NvlYv K‡i| weMZ eQ‡ii AwfÁZv †_‡K wk¶v wb‡q c‡bi `j wbe©vP‡b Ask MÖnY K‡i| Z‡e c‡bi `j †_‡K evg `vwe`vi cuvPwU `j †ei n‡q hvq Ges c„_K cuvP `jxq †RvU MVb K‡i wbe©vPb cÖwZnZ Kivi K_v †NvlYv K‡i| we.Gb.wcÕi †bZ…Z¡vaxb mvZ `jI wbe©vPb eR©b K‡i| wbe©vP‡bi c‡bi `j msL¨vwaK¨ Avm‡b Rqjvf Ki‡jI miKvi wgwWqv Kz¨ I †fvU WvKvwZ K‡i RbZvi ivq wQwb‡q †bq|³⁴

1987 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS †_‡K msm‡`i wfZ‡i I evB‡i Avevi Zzgyj Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V| Rb¯^v_© niYKvix ev‡RU I mvgwiK evwnbxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡mn †Rjv cwil` MV‡bi wej cÖZ¨vnvi, weivóªxqKi‡Yi aviv evwZj, kªwgK-Kg©Pvix‡`i 5 `dv Av`vq cÖf„wZ `vex‡Z Av‡›`vjb †Rvi`vi n‡q I‡V| †kl ch©šÍ GB Av‡›`vjb Gikv` miKv‡ii AcmviY-GB GK `dvi msMÖv‡g iƒcvšÍwiZ nq Ges c‡bi `j, mvZ `j I cuvP `‡ji †hŠ_ msMÖvg M‡o I‡V| 12B RyjvB 14 N›Uvi kªwgK ag©NU niZv‡j iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q hvq| 22-24 RyjvB 54 N›Uvi niZv‡i †MvUv †`k APj n‡q hvq| 25†k A‡±vei mKj Dc‡Rjv †NivI, 28†k A‡±vei K…lK-†¶ZgRyi msMV‡bi D‡`¨v‡M ivRc_ †ijc_ Ae‡iva 1jv b‡f¤^i †Rjv m`i Ae‡iva Ges me †k‡l 10B b‡f¤^i XvKv Ae‡iv‡ai Kg©m~Px †NvwlZ nq| Gici miKvi nZ¨v, †MÖßvimn `gbcxo‡bi mKj cš’v Aej¤^b K‡iI Av‡›`vjb‡K †kl K‡i w`‡Z cv‡iwb|<sup>35</sup> b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^i jvMvZi niZv‡j †MvUv †`k APj n‡q hvq|³⁶ ZLb QvÎ-hyeK, kªwgK-K…lK, eyw×Rxexmn mK‡ji Av‡›`vj‡bi †mªvZaviv G‡m wgwjZ n‡qwQj GKB †gvnbvq| mvZvwk‡Z Aek¨ Av‡›`vjbKvix kw³i mdjZv AwR©Z n‡Z cv‡iwb| AwaKš‘ miKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi my‡hv‡M Riæix Ae¯’v Rvix K‡i RvZxq msm` †f‡½ †`q Ges 1988 mv‡ji 3iv gvP© Riæix Ae¯’v envj †i‡LB ga¨eZx© wbe©vPb Kwi‡q †bq| hv mKj we‡ivax `j eR©b K‡i| G‡Z Aek¨ miKv‡ii we‡kl ¶wZ nqwb, KviY Gevi Zvi c‡¶ GKKfv‡e wbR cÖv_x©‡`i Rqx †NvlYv Kiv‡bv mnRZi nq|

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Z‡e GKwU K_v wVK †h, ev¯—e Pvwn`vi Zzjbvq Gme ZrciZv †bnvqZB mxwgZ K‡je‡ii| ev¯—eZv GLb `vwe Ki‡Q GKwU e¨vcK wfwËK wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Jcwb‡ewkKZvi †Ri, mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi `yó¶Z, cuywRev`x †kvlbRwbZ wk¶vq AvbxZ wefvRb BZ¨vw`i wei“‡× msMÖvg K‡i ¯^vaxb †`‡ki Dc‡hvMx GKwU MwZkxj, mve©Rbxb, ag©wbi‡c¶ I weÁvbwfwËK wk¶vbxwZ I wk¶v e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi msMÖvg| GB msMÖvg Aek¨ GLbI ch©vß kw³ wb‡q DwÌZ n‡Z cvi‡Q bv| Z‡e GB e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡Póv †bB, Zv bq| 1986 mv‡j ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y wef³ nIqv QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` Avevi H K¨eÜ n‡q‡Q Ges 10`dv `vwebvgv wb‡q msMÖvg †eMevb Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i cÖqvm Ae¨vnZ Av‡Q|39

Z_¨ wb‡`©k

1. †mbvevwnbx‡K kvmb¶Zvq cÖZ¨¶ Askx`vi Kivi Pvc wRqvDi ingv‡bi kvm‡bi †kl ch©v‡q †`qv n‡Z _v‡K| mvËv‡ii ¯^íKvjxb kvm‡bi mg‡q †mbvevwnbxi GB Pvc ZxeªZi nq e‡j Rvbv hvq| (DׄZ t evsjv‡`‡ki KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i PZz_© Ks‡MÖm, 1987, ivR‰bwZK wi‡cvU©, c„ôv t 51) 1981 mv‡ji 29†k b‡f¤^i †mbvevwnbx cÖavb †Rbv‡ij Gikv` mvsevw`K mv¶vrKv‡i GB `vwe †Rv‡i‡mv‡i DÌvcb K‡ib| ¶gZv `L‡ji ci mvßvwnK wewPÎvi mv‡_ GK mv¶vrKv‡i (el©cÎ, 1983) †Rbv‡ij Gikv` ¯úó K‡iB e‡jb, ÒRvZxq ch©v‡q †mbvevwnbxi K_v ejvi AwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e|Ó RvZxq ch©v‡q †mbevwnbxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ ivLvi Rb¨ wZwb wØK¶ wewkó cvj©v‡g‡›Ui D”P cwil‡` †mbvevwnbxmn wewebœ †ckvi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ _vK‡Z cv‡i e‡j H mv¶vrKv‡i cÖ¯—ve K‡ib|

2. mvßvwnK GKZv, 10B †m‡Þ¤^i, 1982|

3. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t (7B b‡f¤^i, 1982) c„ôv t 1|

4. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 1|

5. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 2|

6. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 4-5|

7. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 5|

8. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 7|

9. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 8|

10. RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v, c„ôv t 10|

11. miKvixfv‡e wk¶v welqK cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKv‡ki Av‡MB wk¶vgš¿x W.gwR` Lvb dwi`cyi, PÆMÖvg, ivRkvnxmn wewfbœ ¯’v‡b mgv‡ek K‡i wk¶v welqK e³e¨ †`Iqv ïiæ K‡ib| agx©q wel‡q cÖvavb¨ w`‡q (cvwK¯Ívbx avivq) wk¶v‡K cybM©wVZ Kivi Rb¨ Hme mgv‡e‡k wk¶vgš¿x e³e¨ iv‡Lb|

12. wk¶vw`e‡mi HK¨e× Kg©m~Px hv‡Z cvwjZ n‡Z bv cv‡i mvgwiK miKvi Zvi Rb¨ K‡Vvi e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i| wk¶v w`e‡mi †cvóvi jvMv‡bvi Aciv‡a 2Rb Qv·K 7eQi Kviv`Û †`qv nq| 17B †m‡Þ¤^i QzwUi w`b _vKvq Zvi c~e©w`b Kg©m~Px cvwjZ nq| wKš‘ cywjk wKQz‡ZB Rgv‡qZ n‡Z w`w”Qj bv| cwyj‡ki mv‡_ A‡bKUv jy‡KvPzwi †L‡jB †hb Rgv‡qZ nq| †gŠbwgwQj K‡i Kjvfe‡b G‡m msw¶ß e³e¨ cÖ`v‡bi ga¨w`‡q Kg©m~Px cvwjZ n‡qwQj|

13. 14wU QvÎ msMV‡bi HK¨‡Rv‡U kvwgj wQj t evsjv‡`k QvÎ BDwbqb, QvÎjxM (Rvjvj-Rvnv½xi), QvÎjxM (gybxi-nvwme), QvÎjxM (dRjy-Pzbœ), QvÎjxM (Av³vi-evejy), QvÎ mwgwZ, QvÎ GKZv †K›`ª, mgvRev`x QvÎ †RvU, wec­ex QvÎ ˆgÎx, wecøex QvÎ BDwbqb (gvby), wecøex QvÎ BDwbqb (wMivbx), RvZxq QvÎ BDwbqb, QvÎ HK¨ †dvivg I RvZxq QvÎ msm`| G‡`i wb‡qB c‡i QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` M‡o I‡V|

14. mvßvwnK GKZv, 8B A‡±vei, 1982|

15. GB eyw×Rxexiv n‡”Qb t Aveyj dRj, cÖ‡dmi G. Gg. Nvweeyjøvn, Lvb evnv`yi Ave`yj nvwKg, cÖ‡dmi Ave`yi iv¾vK, Wt G. Avi. GwjøK, cÖ‡dmi gwdRyjøvn Kexi, cÖ‡dmi Avng` kixd, cÖ‡dmi Kexi †PŠayix, W. †gvkviid †nv‡mb, mi`vi dRjyj Kwig, e`iæÏxb Igi, W. wmivRyj Bmjvg †PŠayix, W. Avwbmy¾vgvb cÖgyL|

16. mvßvwnK GKZv, 8B A‡±vei, 1982|

17. GB e¨vcv‡i D‡`¨vMx f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb evsjv‡`k QvÎ BDwbqb mn mvZwU QvÎ msMV‡bi †bZ…e„›`| Gikv‡`i mvgwiK kvmbRvixi Av‡MB GB mvZ msMV‡bi HK¨ M‡o I‡VwQj| 14 msMV‡b †Kvb bxwZ ev Kg©m~Px Av‡jvPbv Kivi Av‡M GB mvZ msMV‡bi †bZviv ˆeVK Ki‡Zb| Gme ˆeVK cÖvqB AbywôZ n‡Zv BDKmy Awd‡m| 1982 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i ch©šÍ GB cÖwµqv †ek mwµq I Kvh©Kix wQj| cieZx©‡Z DMÖbxwZi aviKiv nUKvixZv ïiæ Ki‡j GB mvZ msMV‡bi Avjv`v HK¨ (QvÎ msMÖvg cwil‡`i e„nËi H‡K¨i g‡a¨B) Avi Ae¨vnZ _v‡K bv|

18. QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i KvQ †_‡K msM„nxZ †`oj¶ ¯^v¶‡ii GK jvLB QvÎ BDwbqb Kgx©iv msMÖn K‡iwQ‡jb| GB MY-¯^v¶i msMÖ‡ni ga¨ w`‡q cÖMwZkxj-MYZvwš¿K QvÎ ivRbxwZ mvaviY Qv·`i mv‡_ bZzb K‡i †hvMm~Î iPbv Ki‡Z m¶g nq|

19. XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mvaviY QvÎiv 8B b‡f¤^i (1982) cywjkx nvgjvi weiæ‡× iæ‡L `uvwo‡qwQj| GB NUbv _‡KB DMÖ nUKvixiv wm×v‡šÍ Av‡m †h, QvÎ mgvR †h †Kvb nvgjv †gvKv‡ejv K‡i Av‡›`vjb‡K GKvB GwM‡q wb‡Z m¶g| Gici ZwoNwi K‡i 11B Rvbyqvix I c‡i 14B †deªæqvixi Kg©m~Px †NvwlZ nq| GB Kg©m~Px AviI c‡i †NvwlZ n‡j A‡bK †ewk dj e‡q Avb‡Z m¶g n‡Zv|

20. mvßvwnK GKZv, 3iv wW‡m¤^i, 1982|

21. mvg‡b Av‡Q †Rvi jovB, msMÖvgx QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖPvi cÎ (XvKv, 1983) c„ôv t 16-17|

22. gayi †Kw›U‡bi mvsevw`K m‡¤§j‡b QvÎ †bZ…e„›` e³e¨ †`b 21†k b‡f¤^i (1982) Ges wW‡m¤^i gv‡m 11B Rvbyqvixi Kg©mPx †NvwlZ n‡qwQj| mv¶vrKvi t †Lv›`Kvi †gvt dviæK|

23. †cÖmbv‡U ejv nq, ÒXvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q hviv wk¶vi cwi‡ek KjywlZ Ki‡Q Zv‡`i weiæ‡× K‡Vvi e¨e¯’v †bqv n‡e.... MZ b‡f¤^i †_‡K XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MYwe‡ivax I mgvR we‡ivax NUbv NU‡Q.........|Ó GB †cÖm‡bvU Rvixi ci wek¦we`¨vj‡q Zxeª D‡ËRbv m„wó nq Ges Av‡jvPbvi Avi †Kvb Ae¯’vI _v‡K bv| Av‡jvPbvi ga¨¯’ZvKvix XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi DcvPvh©I GB evcv‡i Avi †Kvb ZrciZv Pvjvb wb|

24. wee„wZ`vbKvix 18wU ivR‰bwZK `j n‡”Q t AvIqvgx jxM, Rvm`, KwgDwb÷ cvwU©, b¨vc (†gvRvddi), b¨vc (nviæb), IqvKvm© cvwU©, GKZv cvwU©, MY AvRv`x jxM, kªwgK K…lK mgvRev`x `j, mvg¨ev`x `j, (†Zvqvnv), mvg¨ev`x `j (b‡Mb), AvIqvgx jxM (dwi` MvRx), BDwcwc, evm`, MYZvwš¿K cvwU©, RvMcv, wecøex KwgDwb÷ jxM (wUcy wek¦vm) I AvIqvgx jxM (wgRvb)|

25. miKv‡ii K‡Vvi g‡bvfv‡ei d‡j GKwU i³v³ msNl© AZ¨vmbœ n‡q I‡V hvi GKK `vwqZ¡ QvÎ mgvR‡KB wb‡Z n‡Zv- ZvB GKUz mgq †bqvi Rb¨ QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` 11B Rvbyqvixi Kg©m~Px wcwQ‡q 14B †deªæqvix‡Z wb‡q hvq| wKš‘ DMÖcš’xiv (we‡kl K‡i QvÎjxM gywbi-nvwme) 11B Rvbyqvix cÖPÛ †Mvjgvj m„wó K‡i|

26. ˆ`wbK msev`, 15B Rvbyqvix, 1983|

27. †Rbv‡ij Gikv‡`i AvcwËKi e³‡e¨i cÖwZev‡` †`‡ki †PŠÏwU ivR‰bwZK `j GK wee„wZ `vb K‡i| wee„wZ`vZv `j¸‡jv n‡”Q t AvIqvgx jxM, KwgDwb÷ cvwU©, b¨vc (†gvt), b¨vc (nvt), IqvKvm© cvwU©, GKZv cvwU©, kªwgK K…lK mgvRev`x `j, AvIqvgx jxM (wgRvb), MY AvRv`x jxM, mvg¨ev`x `j (†Zvqvnv), mvg¨ev`x `j (b‡Mb), Rvm`, evm` `I gR`yi cvwU©| 21†k †deªæqvix Dcj‡¶ GB 14wU I AvIqvgx jxM (dwi` MvRx) wg‡j †gvU c‡bi `‡ji wee„wZ I HK¨e× Kg©m~Px †NvlYv Kiv nq| cieZx©‡Z GB c‡biwU `j wg‡j c‡bi `jxq †Rv‡Ui m„wó nq hv Gikv‡`i mvgwiK kvmb we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b †bZ…‡Z¡i f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

28. 8B b‡f¤^i, 1982 Zvwi‡L XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ-cywjk msN‡l©i NUbv Z`‡šÍi Rb¨ miKvi GKwU Z`šÍ Kwgkb MVb K‡i| mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i Avcxj wWwfk‡bi gvbbxq wePvicwZ †PŠayix G.wU.Gg gvmy‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ GB Kwgk‡bi Rb¨ `yÕRb m`m¨ wQ‡jb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖ±i W. BgvR DwÏb Avng` Ges wk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi hyM¥ mwPe Gg. Avwgbyj Bmjvg| 30†k wW‡m¤^i (1982) cÖKvwkZ GB Kwgk‡bi wi‡cvU© QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡iwQj|

29. mvßvwnK GKZv, 4Vv †deªæqvix, 1983|

30. 1983 mv‡ji 14 I 15 †deªæqvixi NUbv mvgwiK AvB‡bi Kov Kwoi Rb¨ †Kvb cwÎKv‡ZB Qvcv nqwb| †mB Av‡›`vj‡bi GKRb mwµq AskMÖnYKvix hv †`‡L‡Qb I ï‡b‡Qb Zvi wfwˇZ msw¶ß K‡i †mB Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ‡e`b GLv‡b †jLv n‡q‡Q|

31. cÖPvi cÎ, †K›`ªxq QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` (XvKv, 1983)|

32. knx` wgbv‡i c‡bi `‡ji †NvlYv cvV K‡ib b¨vc mfvcwZ Aa¨vcK †gvRvddi Avn‡g`| QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` †_‡KI msMÖvg Ae¨vnZ ivLvi †NvlYv †`qv nq|

33. cuvP`dv `vwe‡Z wQj t mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi, ivR‰bwZK ZrciZvi AwaKvimn †gŠwjK AwaKvi cybt cÖwZôv, me©v‡MÖ msm` wbe©vPb cÖ`vb I ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi, ivRe›`xi gyw³, ga¨ †deªæqvixi QvÎ nZ¨vi wePvi BZ¨vw`|

34. wbe©vP‡bi †NvwlZ dj Abyhvqx c‡bi `j 96wU Avmb cvq| wKš‘ RbM‡Yi ivq wQj c‡bi `‡jiB c‡¶ Ges wbi‡c¶ wbe©vPb n‡j c‡bi `jB miKvi MV‡bi AwaKvix n‡Zv e‡j aviYv Kiv nq|

35. 26†k A‡±vei 91987) Dc‡Rjv Ae‡iv‡ai Av‡M †_‡KB miKvi MY †MÖßvi ïiæ K‡i (†m mg‡q †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q mnmªvwaK ivR‰bwZK e¨w³‡K †MÖßvi Kiv nq)| 26 A‡±vei 3Rb I 28†k A‡±vei 1Rb wbnZ nq cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z| 10B b‡f¤^‡ii Av‡M mvZ w`‡bi Rb¨ mfv-mgv‡ek wbwl× nq| wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ Kiv nq Ges me hvbevnb eÜ K‡i †`qv nq| 10B b‡f¤^i XvKvq wbnZ nq PviRb| 27†k b‡f¤^i wbnZ nq 3Rb|

36. b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡i (1987) †gvU niZvj n‡q‡Q 16 w`b|

37. ˆ`wbK msev`, 15B Ryb, 1988|

38. ˆ`wbK msev`, 22†kgvP© I 31‡k gvP©, 1988|

39. QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` AwZ m¤cÖwZ wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b HK¨e×fv‡e c¨v‡bj w`‡q weRq AR©b K‡i‡Q| Gi ga¨ w`‡q Zviv mv¤cÖ`vwqK kw³ I ˆ¯^ikvmb‡K †gvKv‡ejv K‡i ¯^vaxbZv I cÖMwZi aviv mgybœZ ivL‡Z m¶g n‡”Q| GB gnr D‡`¨vM GKwU e¨vcKwfwËK wk¶v Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi Ab¨Zg c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡eB we‡ewPZ nIqvi `vwe iv‡L|

Dcmsnvi

Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wk¶ve¨e¯’vi w`‡K fvj K‡i ZvKv‡j GKwU wPÎ mn‡RB j¶bxq| Zvn‡jv, weªwUk Avg‡j AvaywbK wk¶v e¨e¯’vi hvÎv ïiæi mg‡q †h ai‡bi wk¶v KvVv‡gv G‡`‡k M‡o †Zvjv n‡qwQj Zv GLb ch©šÍ envj Av‡Q UzKUvK ms‡hvRb-we‡qvRb NwU‡q| cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq, D”Pwe`¨vjq, gnvwe`¨vjq, wek¦we`¨vjq, cÖ‡KŠkj-wPwKrmv wk¶v cÖwZôvb, wk¶K cÖwk¶‡Yi cÖwZôvb, wk¶v cÖkvmb BZ¨vw`i †Zgb iƒcvšÍi N‡Uwb| cÖwZôv‡bi cÖK…wZ-AvKvi wKsev cvV¨ welq- Dfq †¶‡ÎB K_vwU cÖ‡hvR¨| kvmK †Mvôxi †kvmb h‡š¿i cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶v‡K e¨envi Kiv-GB †gŠwjK bxwZiI †Kvb cwieZ©b nqwb| ïaygvÎ weªwUk Avg‡j wk¶vq †h b~¨bZg ag©wbi‡c¶ `„wófw½ wQj †m‡¶‡ÎB N‡U‡Q cwieZ©b| cvwK¯Ívb Avg‡j mv¤cÖ`vwqK `„wófw½ †_‡K wk¶vi welqe¯‘ weK…Z-LwÛZ-GK‡c‡k Kivi †h AccÖqvm P‡j †m aviv AvRI eZ©gvb| Avi †mavivi cÖevn ïay gv`ªvmv wk¶v bq, mvaviY wk¶vqI cÖejfv‡e Dcw¯’Z Av‡Q| d‡j wk¶v e¨e¯’vq ÎæwU `ye©jZv Av‡Mi g‡ZvB Ae¨vnZ Av‡Q Ges †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Zv MfxiZi I RwUjZvi n‡q‡Q| eZ©gvb wk¶v Ges †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Zv MfxiZi I RwUjZi n‡q‡Q| eZ©gvb wk¶v e¨e¯’vi Aax‡b GKw`‡K †hgb e¨vcK gvbyl wbi¶i-Awkw¶Z, Aciw`‡K cÖ`Ë wk¶vi g‡a¨ †_‡K hv‡”Q mxgvnxb Mj`|

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