শিক্ষা আন্দোলনের পটভূমি ও বাংলাদেশ

wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi cUf~wg  I evsjv‡`k

(wk¶v m‡¤§jb (1950)

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wk¶vi ce©Z cÖgvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi j‡¶¨ QvÎ mgv‡Ri AvnŸv‡b 1950 mv‡ji 17B AvM÷ XvKvq GKwU QvÎ Kgx©m‡¤§jb AbwyôZ nq| †mB m‡¯§j‡b 15 I 16B †m‡Þ¤^i XvKvq GKwU wk¶v m‡¤§jb Kivi wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv nq| c~e© cvKw¯Ívb gymwjg QvÎ jxM, QvÎ †dWv‡ikb, QvÎ G‡mvwm‡qkb, wbwLj c~e© cvwK¯Ívb gymwjg QvÎjxM13 msMV‡bi †bZ…e„›` GB wk¶v m‡¤§jb mdi Kivi Rb¨ D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK I kªwgK msMV‡bi †bZ…e„›`, mvsevw`K-eyw×Rxex cÖgyL wk¶v m‡¤§j‡bi mdjZv Kvgbv K‡i wee„wZ †`b| c~e© evsjvi wewfbœ †Rjvq GB Dcj‡¶ cÖ¯‘wZ †bIqv nq I m‡¤§j‡bi mg_©‡b cÖPvi KvR Pvjv‡bv nq|

15B †m‡Þ¤^i XvKvi evi jvB‡eªix n‡j wewfbœ †Rjv I XvKv kn‡ii cÖwZwbwa‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z m‡¤§j‡bi KvR ïiæ nq| Awj Avnv‡`i mfvcwZ‡Z¡ AbywôZ GB m‡¯§j‡b miKvi mg_©K QvÎ Kgx©iv †Mvj‡hvM ïiæ Ki‡j m‡¤§jb XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq dRjyj nK n‡j ¯’vbv¯ÍwiZ Kiv nq| wewfbœ †Rjv cÖwZwbwai Av‡jvPbvi ci m‡¤§j‡b wg¶v †¶‡Î ˆbiv‡R¨i Aevmb I wk¶vi AvKvw•¶Z we¯Ív‡ii j‡¶¨ GKwU g~j cÖ¯Íve I 16 `dv `vwebvgv MÖnY Kiv nq|

wk¶v m‡¤§j‡b M„nxZ g~j cÖ¯Ív‡e miKv‡ii wk¶v ms‡KvPb bxwZi weiæ‡× wZb eQi a‡i Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ QvÎ mgvR‡K Awfb›`b Rvbv‡bv nq| wk¶v ms‡KvPb, RbM‡Yi Avw_©K msKU I wkw¶Z †eKvi e„w×, QvÎ †eZb e„w×, wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ, ev‡R‡U Kg wk¶v eivÏ, wk¶K‡`i msKU, †gvnv‡Ri Qv·`i mgm¨v I evsjv fvlvi weiæ‡× loh‡š¿ Mfxi D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡i m‡¤§j‡bi cÖ¯Ív‡e Gme mgm¨vi mgvavb `vwe nq| GB j‡¶¨ †h 16 `dv `vwebvgv miKv‡ii Kv‡Q †ck Kiv nq Zv wQj wbgœiƒct

1) cywjk, AvB.we. BZ¨vw`i Lv‡Z UvKv KgvBqv, gš¿x I D”Pc`¯’ Kg©Pvix‡`i evZv KgvBqv wk¶vLv‡Z UvKv evov‡bv| Awej‡¤^ webv †Lmvi‡Z Rwg`vix D‡”Q` Kwiqv, cÖK…Z Pvlx‡`i g‡a¨ Rwg mgfv‡e e›Ub Kwiqv, AwZwi³ gybvdv I e¨emv Ki emvBqv H mKj A_© wk¶vi Kv‡R jvMvB‡Z nB‡e|

2) (K) wek¦we`¨vjq I Ab¨vb¨ miKvix-‡emiKvix ¯‹zj K‡j‡Ri NvUwZ ev‡RU m¤ú~Y© c~iY Ges Dnv‡`i ms¯‹v‡i Rb¨ miKvix A_© mvnvh¨ gÄyi Kwiqv GKw`‡K Qv·`i †eZ‡bi nvi KgvB‡Z nB‡e, Ab¨w`‡K wk¶K‡`i gvwnbv e„w× Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(L) ¯‹zj, K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·`i †eZb e„w×i †bvwUk cÖZ¨vnvi Kwi‡Z nB‡Z| Dciš‘ c~e©Zb nv‡iiI kZKiv 25 fvM †eZb n«vm Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

3) (K) Awej‡¤^ A‰eZwbK eva¨Zvg~jK cÖv_wgK wk¶vi cÖeZ©b Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges cÖvBgvix wk¶KM‡Yi m¤§vbRbKfv‡e †eZb I fvZv w`‡Z nB‡e I DwV‡q †`Iqv cÖvBgvix ¯‹zj¸wj cybivq Pvjy Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(L) GKRb cÖv_wgK wk¶‡Ki wbgœZg †e‡Zbi nvi gvwmK 50 †_‡K 60 UvKvi Kg nB‡j Pwj‡e bv|

(M) cÖwZwU kn‡ii gnjøvq gnjøvq Ges cÖwZwU MÖv‡g cÖvß eq¯‹‡`i wbi¶iZv `~ixKi‡bi Rb¨ ˆbk we`¨vjq ¯’vc‡bi ¯^í †gqv`x cwiKíbv MÖnb Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

4) (K) gva¨wgK wk¶v †ev‡W©i ms¯‹vi Kwiqv MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q cybM©Vb Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(L) gva¨wgK wk¶K‡`i wbgœZg †eZ‡bi nvi 150 UvKvi Kg nB‡j Pwj‡e bv Ges miKvix fvZvi cwigvY kZKiv 25 fvM evovBqv Rxeb hvÎvi e¨q gv‡bi mwnZmgZv i¶v Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(M) PviwU fvlv wk¶vi `ytmva¨ †evSv Pvcv‡bv †ev‡W©i we‡ePbv ïb¨ KvwiKzjvg I wm‡jev‡mi ms‡kvab Kwi‡Z nB‡e- we‡klZt D`©y‡K ¯‹z‡ji QvÎx‡`i Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv Pwj‡e bv|

5| (K) gd¯^j K‡jR¸j‡Z `yB erm‡ii g‡a¨ Abvm© †Kvm© Lywj‡Z nB‡e|

(L) mg¯Í ¯‹zj, K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vj‡qi jvB‡eªix I j¨ve‡iUixi cwieשb I mg„w×iRb¨ we‡kl A_© gÄyi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(M) †emiKvix K‡jR¸wjI Aa¨vcK‡`i wbgœZg cÖv_wgK gvwnbvi nvi 30 UvKvi Kg nB‡j Pwj‡e bv|

(N) Awej‡¤^ miKvix-‡emiKvix K‡jR¸wj‡Z I wek¦we`¨vj‡q Dchy³ ÷vd msMÖn I msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ miKvi‡K we‡kl mvnvh¨ (Avw_©K I cwiKíbvg~jK Dfq cÖKvi ) I AwZwi³ wk¶vfvZv gÄyi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

 (O) wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ wefv‡Mi ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ QvÎ QvÎxMY †h mKj `vex Kwiqv‡Q, Zvnv gvwb‡Z nB‡e Ges Ab¨vb¨ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi Ab~iæc `vexI gvwb‡Z nB‡e|

6| KvwiMix wk¶vi eûj cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ Dchy³ cwiKíbv ˆZqvi Kwiqv Awej‡¤^ Pvjy Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(K) †gwWK¨vj ¯‹zj¸‡jv‡Z K‡j‡R cwiYZ Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges A‡Uv‡gk‡bi Aevmb I KvwiKzjvg ms¯‹vi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(L) XvKvi Gg.we. wWMÖx Ges †emiKvix †gwWK¨vj ¯‹zj¸wji wWMÖxi miKvix Aby‡gv`b PvB|

(M) Kb‡WÝW Gg.we. I we.B. †Kvm© h_vµ‡g †gwWK¨vj I BwÄwbqvwis ¯‹zj¸wj‡Z cÖeZ©b Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(N) BwÄwbqvwis IqvK©k‡ci h‡_vchy³ ms¯‹vi I miÄvg PvB| GB Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ UvKv gÄyix I †mB UvKvi mبenvi nB‡Z‡Q wKbv Zvnvi wbi‡c¶ ch©‡e¶‡Yi e‡›`ve¯Í Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

(O) mßg gvb nB‡ZB we`¨vj‡qi Qv·`i †fv‡Kkbvj KvwiMix wk¶vi my‡hvM w`‡Z nB‡e| cÖe„wË Abymv‡i wk¶v †`Iqvi e‡›`ve¯Í Kiv nDK|

7| Awej‡¤^ bvix wk¶v cÖmv‡i Rb¨ AvMvgx erm‡ii g‡a¨ (K) cÖ‡Z¨K kn‡i evwjKv we`¨vjq I ZrmsjMœ †g‡q †nv‡÷j ¯’vcb Kwi‡Z nB‡e, (L) D³ cwiKíbvi Kv‡R ch©vß cwigvb UvKv gÄyi Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges D³ A‡_©i mبenvi nB‡Z‡Q wKbv Zvnv wbi‡c¶ ZË¡veav‡bi e¨e¯’v Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

8| †gvnv‡Ri Qv·`i wk¶vi mKj my‡hvM `v‡bi Rb¨ (K) MYZvwš¿K Dcv‡q MwVZ GKwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ †ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ cwiKíbv MÖnb Kwiqv Awej‡¤^ KvR ïiæ Kwiqv w`‡Z nB‡e, (L) D³ cwiKíbvi Kv‡R ch©vß UvKv gÄyi Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges D³ A‡_©i mبnvi nB‡Z‡Q wKbv Zvnv wbi‡c¶ ZË¡veav‡bi e¨e¯’v Kwi‡Z nB‡e, (M) cix¶v_x© †gvnv‡Ri QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Rb¨ wd gIKzd, we‡kl cix¶vi e¨e¯’v Ges hvnviv mvwU©wd‡KU jBqv Avwm‡Z cv‡i bvB Zvnv‡`i cix¶vi mvgwqK AbygwZ w`‡Z nB‡e|

9| Awej‡¤^ QvÎvevm mgm¨vi cÖwZKviv‡_© ch©vß cwigvY UvKv gÄyi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

10| ûKzg`LjxK…Z mg¯Í wk¶v cÖwZôvb I QvÎvevm¸wji ûKzg `Lj Av‡`k cÖZ¨vnvi Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges Awej‡¤^ Dchy³ ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z nB‡e|

11| (K) evsjv fvlv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv Kiv †nvK, (L) evsjv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq RbZvi wgwQ‡ji gy‡L Z`vbxšÍb cÖavbgš¿xi mKj cÖwZkÖæwZ Awej‡¤^ cwic~Y©Kwi‡Z nB‡e Ges Zvnv †Kb GZw`‡bI cvjb Kiv nBj bv Zvnvi ˆKwdqr w`‡Z nB‡e| (M) wk¶vi DשZb gvb ch©šÍ gva¨g wn‡m‡e evsjv‡K Pvjy Kivi AvBb Awej‡¤^ Kvh©Kix Kwi‡Z nB‡e, (N) Aviex ni‡d evsjv †jLvi 17wU cix¶v‡K›`ª Awej‡¤^ Zzwjqv w`‡Z nB‡e Ges H ai‡bi †Kvb cÖKvi miKvix cÖ‡Póv Kiv Pwj‡e bv, (O) cvwK¯Ívb †iwWIi D`©y wgwkªZ weK…Z evsjv cÖPvi Awej‡¤^ eÜ Kwi‡Z nB‡e| cvK‡iwWI †cÖvMÖv‡gi kZKiv 75 fvM evsjv _vwK‡Z nB‡e| evsjvi L¨vZvbvgv †h mKj e¨w³‡K XvKv †iwWI nB‡Z ewn®‹vi Kiv nBqv‡Q Zvnvi ˆKwdqr w`‡Z nB‡e Ges Awej‡¤^ Zvnvw`M‡K wdivBqv Avwb‡Z nB‡e|

12| (K) Qv·`i b¨vh¨ AwaKv‡ii Rb¨ msMÖv‡g †hvM`vb Kivq G ch©šÍ hZR‡bi Dci kvw¯’g~jK e¨e¯’v Aej¤^b Kiv nBqv‡Q Zvnv‡`i mK‡ji Dci nB‡Z ewn®‹vi Av‡`k I Ab¨vb¨ kvw¯’g~jK e¨e¯’v webvk‡Z© Awej‡¤^ cÖZ¨vnvi Kwi‡Z nB‡e, (L) ¯‹zj-K‡j‡R wgwUs BZ¨vw`i MYZvwš¿K AwaKvi w`‡Z nB‡e Ges †Kvb Kvi‡YB ¯‹zj-K‡j‡R cywj‡ki n¯Í‡¶c Pwj‡ebv, (M) mg¯Í QvÎ e›`x‡`i Awej‡¤^ gyw³ A_ev cÖKvk¨ Av`vj‡Z wePvi w`‡Z nB‡e|

13| RvwZms‡Ni gvbweK AwaKvi we‡ji me©-¯^xK…Z Av`‡k©i LvwZ‡i wkï kªg (Child labour) i` Kivi Ges QvÎ I hye mgv‡Ri ¯^v‡¯’¨i DbœwZi Rb¨ Awej‡¤^ GKwU ¯’vqx cwiKíbv MÖnY Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

14| (K) c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b GKwU mvgwiK wk¶v‡K›`ª cÖwZôv Kwi‡Z nB‡e, (L) mve©Rbxb mvgwiK wk¶v‡_© Awej‡¤^ wewfbœ wk¶vqZ‡b eva¨vZg~jK mvgwiK wg¶vi e‡›`ve¯Í Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

15| miKvix bxwZi d‡j D™¢yZ wk¶v ms‡Kv‡Pi KviY I MYZvwš¿K wk¶v e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi Dcvq wbשvi‡Yi Rb¨ QvÎ cÖwZwbwa mw¤§wjZ †emiKvix KwgwU wb‡qvM Kwi‡Z nB‡e|

16| c~e©e½ miKv‡ii Pxd †m‡µUvix mg¯Í wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b QvÎ I wk¶K‡`i Dci `gbbxwZ PvjvBevi Rb¨ †h †Mvcb mvK©yjvi w`‡q‡Qb (Memo No. 300 G.A.C.) Awej‡¤^ Zvnv cÖZ¨vnvi Kwi‡Z nB‡e|¹⁴

m‡¤§j‡bi †kl w`b A_©vr 16B †m‡Þ¤^i DwjøwLZ cÖ¯Íve I `vwebvgv me©m¤§wZµ‡g M„nxZ n‡qwQj| GBme `vwe‡Z c~e©evsjvq GKwU Kvh©Ki wk¶v Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjvi j‡¶¨ m‡¤§j‡b MYwk¶v cwil` bv‡g GKwU ms¯’v MVb Kiv nq| Awj Avnv` GB ms¯’vi m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ †c‡qwQ‡jb| MYwk¶v cwil` b‡f¤^i gv‡m mviv c~e© evsjvq wk¶v Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjv I `vwemg~n RbwcÖq Kivi j‡¶¨ wk¶v w`em cvj‡bi Avnevb Rvbvq|

MYwk¶v cwil` Aek¨ AvKvw•¶Z KZ©e¨ cvjb Ki‡Z m¶g nqwb| cwil‡`i Kg©KZ©v‡`i weivU Ask cieZx©‡Z ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q covq Ges cÖv_wgK wk¶K ag©NU RwbZ Kvi‡Y wk¶v w`em cvjb wKsev ¯^Zš¿fv‡e wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi AMÖMwZ NUv‡bv m¤¢e nqwb| MYwk¶v cwil‡`i GKvsk Avevi miKv‡ii mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ miKvix Aby`vb cvIqvi Kv‡R e¨¯Í n‡q c‡o|

mvgwMÖK wePv‡i Aek¨ GB wk¶v m‡¤§jb †ek Zvrch©c~Y© NUbv wn‡m‡e wPwýZ nIqvi `vwe`vi| wech©¯Í wk¶v e¨e¯’v wb‡q GB cÖ_g GKwU Av‡jvPbv AbywôZ n‡jv| wk¶vi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ab¨vb¨ welqI GB Av‡jvPbvi djkÖæwZ‡Z wk¶vi `vwebvgvq hy³ nq| H m‡¤§j‡bi AwfÁZv cieZx© wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡b wk¶bxq welq wn‡m‡eB we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q|

gvZ…fvlv we‡ivax PµvšÍ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai msMÖvg

cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ cÖ¯Íve MÖn‡Yi ci (1940) †_‡KB mvwnZ¨ ms¯‹…wZmn wewea †¶‡Î cvwK¯Ívbx Av`k© cÖwZdwjZ Kivi Rb¨ GK`j D‡`¨vM †bb| †m mgq Ab¨vb¨ wel‡qi mv‡_ evsjv fvlv‡K gymjgvbx KiY (evsjv fvlvq Aviex-dvimx kã e¨vcKfv‡e XywK‡q wKsev Aviex ni‡d evsjv wj‡L) Kivi †Póv Kiv nq| cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡bi KY©aviiv G‡ZB ¶všÍ nbwb, AwaKvsk gvby‡li gy‡Li fvlv evsjv‡K evwZj K‡i gywó‡gq fvlv D`©y‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv Kivi Rb¨ cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi c~‡e©B †NvlYv †`b|15 cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi ci D`y©i ¯^c‡¶ ivóªxq †bZv‡`i e³e¨ G‡Ki ci GK cÖKvwkZ n‡Z _v‡K|¹⁶

gvZ…lvi AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ 1947 Gi c~e© †_‡KB cÎcwÎKvmn wewfbœ gva¨‡g e³e¨ cÖ`vb Ae¨vnZ wQj|17 cvwK¯Ívb cÖwZôvi ci fvlvi `vwe cÖwZôv Kivi msMÖvgmsMwVZ iƒcjvf Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Av‡›`vj‡bi Pv‡c 1948 mv‡i c~e© evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x LvRv bvwRgDwÏb KZ©„K fvlv Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i `vwe gvbvi ci †_‡K fvlv Av‡›`vjb mvgwqKfv‡e w¯ÍwgZ n‡q c‡o| 1948 mv‡ji 8B GwcÖj c~e© evsjv e¨e¯’vcK cwil‡` c~e© evsjvi miKvix fvlv wnmv‡e evsjv‡K ¯^xKvi K‡i †bIqv nq| †mB mv‡_ wk¶vi gva¨g wnvm‡eI evsjv ¯^xK…wZ cvq|

wKš‘ GiciI evsjvi weiæ‡× lohš¿ Ae¨vnZ Zv‡K| Aviex A¶‡i evsjv †jLvi Rb¨ miKvix c„ô‡cvlKZvi nidzj †Kvivb mwgwZ cÖwZwôZ nq Ges Zviv A‡bK¸‡jv cy¯ÍKI iPbv K‡ib| 1950 mvj †_‡K 20wU †K‡›`ª Aviex ni‡d †jLv evsjvi gva¨‡g wk¶v`vb ïiæ nq| GB mg‡q cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q gymjgvb wkï‡`i Rb¨ Aviex covI eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv nq| ZvQvov Aviex‡K ivóªfvlv Kivi Rb¨I GB mg‡q miKvix cÖ‡Póv ïiæ nq|

Gme miKvix loh‡š¿i weiæ‡× gvZ…fvlvi gh©v`v cÖwZôvi ˆmwbKiv memgqB Zrci wQ‡jb| wewfbœ msMV‡bi m‡¤§j‡b I mfvq evsjvi gh©v`v i¶vi kc_ D”PvwiZ n‡Zv| cÖwZeQi 11B gvP© (1948 Gi 11B gvP©¯§i‡Y) ivóª fvlv w`emI cvwjZ n‡Zv| fvlvi GB msMÖvg ZxeªZi n‡q I‡V 1952 mv‡ji Rvbyqvix gv‡mi †kl w`K †_‡K|

1952 mv‡ji 27†k Rvbyqvix cvwK¯Ív‡bi cÖavbgš¿x LvRv bvwRg DwÏb cëb gq`v‡b gymwjg jx‡Mi GK Rbmfvq †NvlYv K‡ib †h, D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv| GB e³…Zvi ci fvlv Av‡›`vjb Avevi ivRc‡_ we¯Í…Z nq| 29†k Rvbyqvix XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cÖwZev` mfv nq| hyejxMmn wewfbœ wewfbœ msMVb GB e³‡e¨i cÖwZev` K‡i evsjv‡K Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv Kivi `vwe Rvbv‡Z _v‡K| 30†k Rvbyqvix wek¦we`¨vj‡q cÖZxK ag©NU nq| 31†k Rvbyqvix gIjvbv fvmvbxi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ XvKv evi jvB‡eªix‡Z me©`jxq mfvq bvwRg Dwχbi e³e¨ cÖZ¨vnvi, evsjv‡K ivóªevlv Kiv I 4Vv †deªæqvix QvÎ`‡ji cÖ¯ÍvweZ ag©NU mdj Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv nq| GLv‡b me©`jxq ivóªfvlv msMÖvg KwgwUI MwVZ nq|

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GB `yB msMV‡bi D‡`¨v‡M msMÖv‡gi gkvj Kvh©Kifv‡e cÖ¾wjZ nq 1953 mv‡j| QvÎ e‡Zb e„w×, wek¦we`¨vj‡q ivRbxwZ I mfv mgv‡e‡k Av‡ivwcZ wb‡lavÁvi cÖwZev‡` 10Rb Qv·bZv ¯§viK wjwc cÖ`vb Ki‡j (14 GwcÖj, 1953) KZ©„c¶ G‡`i‡K wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K ewn®‹vi K‡i| Gi cÖwZev‡` wek¦we`¨vj‡q ag©NU I cë‡b wekvj Rbmfv nq| Av‡›`vj‡bi e¨vcKZvi d‡j KZ©„cÿ †k‡l bwZ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| 10 R‡bi ewn®‹vi Av‡`k I wek¦we`¨vj‡q ivRbxwZ I mfv mgv‡e‡ki Dci †_‡K wb‡lavÁv cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv nq| (Pj‡e)